Verbal Profile for יסר

Basic Senses

HALOT

Qal: To instruct

Nif: To let oneself be instructed

Piel: 1. To chastise, rebuke; 2. to teach, bring up

Nitp: To let oneself be warned

BDB

discipline, chasten, admonish (Talm. 𝔗 יִ(י)סּוֹר chastisement; but Aram. יְסַר is bind) Qal: (1) Admonish (2) Instruct (3) Discipline (of God)

Niph: let oneself be corrected, admonished by words of man ψ 2:10, Pr 29:19); let oneself be chastened by discipline of God Je 6:8, 31:18, Lv 26:23.

Piel:

1. discipline, correct (the moral nature, with more or less severity acc. to circumstances:

          a. of God, c. acc. Ho 7:15 (of training arms), Dt 4:36 (v. Dr), 8:5 (Israel as son), Is 28:26, happy the man אשׁר תיסרנו יהּ ψ 94:12, 118:18, 118:18;

          b. of man, c. acc. Dt 8:5, Pr 19:18, 29:17 (all of a father his son), Jb 4:3, Pr 31:1, ψ 16:7 my reins (the emotions of my own heart) correct, admonish me

2. more severely, chasten, chastise:

          a. of God, sq. acc. pers., Je 31:18; אַל־בַּחֲמָֽתְךָ תְיַסְּרֵנִי ψ 6:2, 38:2; ‏בְּמשׁפט אל באף‎ Je 10:24; ‏למשׁפט‎ 30:11 = 46:28; ‏על חטאת‎ Lv 26:18, 26:28; ‏בתוכחות על עון ψ 39:12.

          b. of man, a father his son Dt 21:18; elders a man Dt 22:18 (including, as perh. 21:18, bodily chastisement); a king his subjects בַּשּׁוֹטִים and ‏בָּעַקְרַבִּים‎ 1 K 12:11, 12:14 = 2 Ch 10:11, 10:14. c. תְּיַסְּרֵךְ רָֽעָתֵךְ Je 2:19 thy badness will chastise thee.

Nithp. Pf. נִוַּסְּרוּ Ez 23:48 (for נִתְוַסְּרוּ Ges§ 55 k); pass. be disciplined, corrected.

Hiph. Impf. 1 s. sf. אַיְסִירֵם (Ew§ 131 c, but error for אֲיַסְּרֵם Bö§ 437 f SS), c. acc. chasten Ho 7:12.

DCH

Qal: Discipline, warn, instruct, train

Niphal: accept discipline, be disciplined, become wise

Piel: discipline, punish, warn; also instruct, train, educate, make wise

Hiph: punish

Htp: be taught, be instructed

Ntp: accept discipline

Instances

Reference	Hebrew	English
1 Kgs 12.11.2	וַאֲנִ֕י אֲיַסֵּ֥ר אֶתְכֶ֖ם בָּעַקְרַבִּֽים׃
1 Kgs 12:11.1	וְעַתָּ֗ה אָבִי֙ הֶעְמִ֤יס עֲלֵיכֶם֙ עֹ֣ל כָּבֵ֔ד וַאֲנִ֖י אוֹסִ֣יף עַֽל־עֻלְּכֶ֑ם אָבִ֗י יִסַּ֤ר אֶתְכֶם֙ בַּשּׁוֹטִ֔ים וַאֲנִ֕י אֲיַסֵּ֥ר אֶתְכֶ֖ם בָּעַקְרַבִּֽים׃
2 Chron 10:14	וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר אֲלֵהֶ֗ם כַּעֲצַ֤ת הַיְלָדִים֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אַכְבִּיד֙ אֶֽת־עֻלְּכֶ֔ם וַאֲנִ֖י אֹסִ֣יף עָלָ֑יו אָבִ֗י יִסַּ֤ר אֶתְכֶם֙ בַּשּׁוֹטִ֔ים וַאֲנִ֖י בָּעֲקְרַבִּֽים׃
Deut 21.18	כִּֽי־יִהְיֶ֣ה לְאִ֗ישׁ בֵּ֚ן סוֹרֵ֣ר וּמוֹרֶ֔ה אֵינֶ֣נּוּ שֹׁמֵ֔עַ בְּק֥וֹל אָבִ֖יו וּבְק֣וֹל אִמּ֑וֹ וְיסְּר֣וּ אֹת֔וֹ וְלֹ֥א יִשְׁמַ֖ע אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃
Deut 22:18	וְלָֽקְח֛וּ זִקְנֵ֥י הָֽעִיר־הַהִ֖וא אֶת־הָאִ֑ישׁ וְיִסְּר֖וּ אֹתֽוֹ׃
Deut 4:36	מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֛יִם הִשְׁמִֽיעֲךָ֥ אֶת־קֹל֖וֹ לְיַסְּרֶ֑ךָּ וְעַל־הָאָ֗רֶץ הֶרְאֲךָ֙ אֶת־אִשּׁ֣וֹ הַגְּדוֹלָ֔ה וּדְבָרָ֥יו שָׁמַ֖עְתָּ מִתּ֥וֹךְ הָאֵֽשׁ׃
Deut 8.5b	יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ מְיַסְּרֶֽךָּ׃
Deut 8:5	וְיָדַעְתָּ֖ עִם־לְבָבֶ֑ךָ כִּ֗י כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר יְיַסֵּ֥ר אִישׁ֙ אֶת־בְּנ֔וֹ יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ מְיַסְּרֶֽךָּ׃
Isa 28.26	וְיִסְּר֥וֹ לַמִּשְׁפָּ֖ט אֱלֹהָ֥יו יוֹרֶֽנּוּ
Isa 8:11	כִּי֩ כֹ֨ה אָמַ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה אֵלַ֖י כְּחֶזְקַ֣ת הַיָּ֑ד וְיִסְּרֵ֕נִי מִלֶּ֛כֶת בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ הָֽעָם־הַזֶּ֖ה לֵאמֹֽר
Jer 10.24	יַסְּרֵ֥נִי יְהוָ֖ה אַךְ־בְּמִשְׁפָּ֑ט אַל־בְּאַפְּךָ֖ פֶּן־תַּמְעִטֵֽנִי׃
Jer 2.19	תְּיַסְּרֵ֣ךְ רָעָתֵ֗ךְ וּמְשֻֽׁבוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ תּוֹכִחֻ֔ךְ וּדְעִ֤י וּרְאִי֙ כִּי־רַ֣ע וָמָ֔ר עָזְבֵ֖ךְ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהָ֑יִךְ וְלֹ֤א פַחְדָּתִי֙ אֵלַ֔יִךְ נְאֻם־אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִ֖ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃
Jer 30.11	כִּֽי־אִתְּךָ֥ אֲנִ֛י נְאֻם־יְהוָ֖ה לְהֽוֹשִׁיעֶ֑ךָ כִּי֩ אֶעֱשֶׂ֨ה כָלָ֜ה בְּכָֽל־הַגּוֹיִ֣ם ׀ אֲשֶׁ֧ר הֲפִצוֹתִ֣יךָ שָּׁ֗ם אַ֤ךְ אֹֽתְךָ֙ לֹֽא־אֶעֱשֶׂ֣ה כָלָ֔ה וְיִסַּרְתִּ֙יךָ֙ לַמִּשְׁפָּ֔ט וְנַקֵּ֖ה לֹ֥א אֲנַקֶּֽךָּ
Jer 31.18	שָׁמ֣וֹעַ שָׁמַ֗עְתִּי אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ מִתְנוֹדֵ֔ד יִסַּרְתַּ֙נִי֙ וָֽאִוָּסֵ֔ר כְּעֵ֖גֶל לֹ֣א לֻמָּ֑ד הֲשִׁיבֵ֣נִי וְאָשׁ֔וּבָה כִּ֥י אַתָּ֖ה יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהָֽי׃
Jer 6:8	הִוָּסְרִי֙ יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם פֶּן־תֵּקַ֥ע נַפְשִׁ֖י מִמֵּ֑ךְ פֶּן־אֲשִׂימֵ֣ךְ שְׁמָמָ֔ה אֶ֖רֶץ ל֥וֹא נוֹשָֽׁבָה׃
Lev 26.18	וְאִ֨ם־עַד־אֵ֔לֶּה לֹ֥א תִשְׁמְע֖וּ לִ֑י וְיָסַפְתִּי֙ לְיַסְּרָ֣ה אֶתְכֶ֔ם שֶׁ֖בַע עַל־חַטֹּאתֵיכֶֽם׃
Lev 26.23	וְאִ֨ם־בְּאֵ֔לֶּה לֹ֥א תִוָּסְר֖וּ לִ֑י וַהֲלַכְתֶּ֥ם עִמִּ֖י קֶֽרִי׃
Lev 26.28	וְהָלַכְתִּ֥י עִמָּכֶ֖ם בַּחֲמַת־קֶ֑רִי וְיִסַּרְתִּ֤י אֶתְכֶם֙ אַף־אָ֔נִי שֶׁ֖בַע עַל־חַטֹּאתֵיכֶם׃
Psalm 6.2	יְֽהוָ֗ה אַל־בְּאַפְּךָ֥ תֹוכִיחֵ֑נִי וְֽאַל־בַּחֲמָתְךָ֥ תְיַסְּרֵֽנִי׃

Conjugations

Reference	Conjugation
1 Kgs 12.11.2	yiqtol
1 Kgs 12:11.1	qatal
Deut 21.18	qatal
Deut 22:18	weqatal
Deut 4:36	infinitive construct
Deut 8.5b	participle
Deut 8:5	yiqtol
Isa 28.26	weqatal
Isa 8:11	yiqtol
Jer 10.24	imperative
Jer 2.19	yiqtol
Jer 30.11	weqatal
Jer 31.18	qatal
Jer 6:8	imperative
Lev 26.18	infinitive construct
Lev 26.23	yiqtol
Lev 26.28	weqatal

Binyanim

Reference	Binyan
1 Kgs 12.11.2	Piel
1 Kgs 12:11.1	Piel
Deut 21.18	Piel
Deut 22:18	Piel
Deut 4:36	Piel
Deut 8.5b	Piel
Deut 8:5	Piel
Isa 28.26	Piel
Isa 8:11	Qal
Jer 10.24	Piel
Jer 2.19	Piel
Jer 30.11	Piel
Jer 31.18	Piel
Jer 6:8	Niphal
Lev 26.18	Piel
Lev 26.23	Niphal
Lev 26.28	Piel

Grammatical Relations

	Subject	Object	Oblique	Adjunct	Adjunct 2
1 Kgs 12.11.2	וַאֲנִ֕י אֲיַסֵּ֥ר	אֶתְכֶ֖ם		בָּעַקְרַבִּֽים
1 Kgs 12:11.1	אָבִ֗י	אֶתְכֶם֙		בַּשּׁוֹטִ֔ים
2 Chron 10:14
Deut 21.18	וְ(יסְּר֣)וּ	אֹת֔וֹ
Deut 22:18	וְיִ(סְּר֖)וּ	אֹתֽוֹ
Deut 4:36	ø	לְיַסְּרֶ֑)ךָּ)
Deut 8.5b	יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ	מְיַסְּרֶֽ)ךָּ)
Deut 8:5	אִישׁ֙	אֶת־בְּנ֔וֹ
Isa 28.26	וְיִסְּר֥וֹ	וְיִסְּר֥)וֹ)		לַמִּשְׁפָּ֖ט
Isa 8:11	(וְיִ(סְּרֵ֕נִי	וְ(יִסְּרֵ֕)נִי		מִלֶּ֛כֶת בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ הָֽעָם־הַזֶּ֖ה	לֵאמֹֽר
Jer 10.24	(יְהוָ֖ה; יַסְּרֵ֥(נִי	יַסְּרֵ֥)נִי)	בְּמִשְׁפָּ֑ט
Jer 2.19	רָעָתֵ֗ךְ	תְּיַסְּרֵ֣)ךְ)
Jer 30.11	וְיִסַּרְ)תִּ֙י(ךָ֙))	(וְיִסַּרְתִּ֙י(ךָ֙		לַמִּשְׁפָּ֔ט
Jer 31.18	(יִסַּרְתַּ֙(נִי֙	יִסַּרְתַּ֙)נִי֙)
Jer 6:8	יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם
Lev 26.18	ø	אֶתְכֶם		שֶׁבַע	עַל־חַטֹּאתֵיכֶֽם
Lev 26.23	תִ(וָּסְר֖)וּ		לִ֑)י)	בְּ)אֵ֔לֶּה)
Lev 26.28	אָ֔נִי and וְיִסַּרְ)תִּ֤י)	אֶתְכֶם֙		שֶׁ֖בַע	עַל־חַטֹּאתֵיכֶם
Psalm 6.2

1 Kgs 12.11.2

Subject: וַאֲנִ֕י אֲיַסֵּ֥ר (‘I’ (viz., Jeroboam))
Object: אֶתְכֶ֖ם (‘you (mp)’ (viz., Israelites))

1 Kgs 12:11.1

Subject: אָבִ֗י (‘my father’)
Object: אֶתְכֶם֙ (‘you (mpl)’ (viz., the northern tribes))

Deut 21.18

Subject: וְ(יסְּר֣)וּ (‘They’ (viz., the mother and father))
Object: אֹת֔וֹ (‘him’ (viz., the son))

Deut 22:18

Subject: וְיִ(סְּר֖)וּ (‘they’ (viz., the elders of the city))
Object: אֹתֽוֹ (‘him’ (viz., the man who unjustly divorced his wife))

Deut 4:36

Subject: ø
Object: לְיַסְּרֶ֑)ךָּ) (‘You (ms)’ (viz., Israel))

Deut 8.5b

Subject: יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ (‘Yahweh your God’)
Object: מְיַסְּרֶֽ)ךָּ) (‘You (ms)’ (viz., Israel))

Deut 8:5

Subject: אִישׁ֙ (‘a man’)
Object: אֶת־בְּנ֔וֹ (‘(his) son’)

Isa 28.26

Subject: וְיִסְּר֥וֹ (‘he’ (viz., Yahweh))
Object: וְיִסְּר֥)וֹ) (‘him’ (unspecified))

Isa 8:11

Subject: (וְיִ(סְּרֵ֕נִי (‘he’ (viz., Yahweh))
Object: וְ(יִסְּרֵ֕)נִי (‘me’ (viz., Isaiah))

Jer 10.24

Subject: (יְהוָ֖ה; יַסְּרֵ֥(נִי (Yahweh)
Object: יַסְּרֵ֥)נִי) (‘me’)
Oblique: בְּמִשְׁפָּ֑ט (‘in what is right/justice’)

Jer 2.19

Subject: רָעָתֵ֗ךְ (‘(your) evil’)
Object: תְּיַסְּרֵ֣)ךְ) (‘you (fs)’ (viz., House of Jacob?))

Jer 30.11

Subject: וְיִסַּרְ)תִּ֙י(ךָ֙)) (‘I’)
Object: (וְיִסַּרְתִּ֙י(ךָ֙ (‘you’)

Jer 31.18

Subject: (יִסַּרְתַּ֙(נִי֙ (‘You’ (viz., Yahweh))
Object: יִסַּרְתַּ֙)נִי֙) (‘Me’ (viz., Ephraim))

Jer 6:8

Subject: יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם (‘Jerusalem’)

Lev 26.18

Subject: ø
Object: אֶתְכֶם (‘You (mp; viz., Israelites)’)

Lev 26.23

Subject: תִ(וָּסְר֖)וּ (‘You (pl)’ (viz., The Israelites))
Oblique: לִ֑)י) (‘Me‘ (viz., Yahweh))

Lev 26.28

Subject: אָ֔נִי and וְיִסַּרְ)תִּ֤י) (‘I’ (Viz., Yahweh))
Object: אֶתְכֶם֙ (‘You (mp)’ (Viz., the Israelites))

Grammatical Relations Marking

1 Kgs 12.11.2

Subject Marking: Noun + Verbal Infix
Object Marking: DDOM
Adjunct Marking: Prep ב

1 Kgs 12:11.1

Subject Marking: Noun Phrase
Object Marking: DDOM
Adjunct Marking: Prep ב (‘in, with, by’)

Deut 21.18

Subject Marking: Verbal infix
Object Marking: DDOM

Deut 22:18

Subject Marking: Verbal Infix

Deut 4:36

Object Marking: Object Suffix

Deut 8.5b

Subject Marking: Noun Phrase
Object Marking: Object Suffix

Deut 8:5

Subject Marking: Noun
Object Marking: DDOM

Isa 28.26

Subject Marking: Verbal Infix
Object Marking: Object Suffix
Adjunct Marking: Pre ל

Isa 8:11

Subject Marking: Verbal Infix
Object Marking: Object Suffix
Adjunct Marking: Prep מן

Jer 10.24

Subject Marking: Noun; Verbal Infix
Object Marking: Object suffix
Oblique Marking: Prep ב (‘with, by in’)

Jer 2.19

Subject Marking: Noun Phrase
Object Marking: Object Suffix

Jer 30.11

Subject Marking: Verbal Infix
Object Marking: Object Suffix
Adjunct Marking: Prep ל

Jer 31.18

Subject Marking: Verbal Infix
Object Marking: Object Suffix

Jer 6:8

Subject Marking: Noun

Lev 26.18

Object Marking: DDOM
Adjunct Marking: ø

Lev 26.23

Subject Marking: Verbal Infix
Oblique Marking: Prep ל (‘To, towards’)
Adjunct Marking: Prep ב (‘In, by, with’)

Lev 26.28

Subject Marking: Pronoun and Verbal Infix
Object Marking: DDOM
Adjunct Marking: ø

Semantic Roles (As Presented)

1 Kgs 12.11.2

Agent: וַאֲנִ֕י אֲיַסֵּ֥ר ‘I’ (viz., Jeroboam)
Instrument: בָּעַקְרַבִּֽים ‘with scorpions’

1 Kgs 12:11.1

Agent: אָבִ֗י ‘my father’
Instrument: בַּשּׁוֹטִ֔ים ‘with (the) whips’

Deut 21.18

Agent: וְ(יסְּר֣)וּ ‘They’ (viz., the mother and father)

Deut 22:18

Agent: וְיִ(סְּר֖)וּ‘they’ (viz., the elders of the city)

Deut 4:36

Agent: הִשְׁמִֽיעֲךָ֥ ‘He (caused you to hear)’ (viz., Yahweh)

Deut 8.5b

Agent: יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ ‘Yahweh your God’

Deut 8:5

Agent: אִישׁ֙ ‘a man’

Isa 28.26

Agent: וְיִסְּר֥וֹ ‘he’ (viz., Yahweh)
Stimulus: לַמִּשְׁפָּ֖ט

Isa 8:11

Agent: (וְיִ(סְּרֵ֕נִי ‘he’ (viz., Yahweh)
Stimulus: מִלֶּ֛כֶת בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ הָֽעָם־הַזֶּ֖ה ‘from walking in the way of this people’

Jer 10.24

Agent: יְהוָ֖ה ‘Yahweh’
Instrument: בְּמִשְׁפָּ֑ט

Jer 2.19

Agent: רָעָתֵ֗ךְ ‘your evil’

Jer 30.11

Agent: וְיִסַּרְ)תִּ֙י(ךָ֙)) ‘I’ (Viz., Yahweh)
Stimulus: לַמִּשְׁפָּ֔ט

Jer 31.18

Agent: (יִסַּרְתַּ֙(נִי֙ ‘You’ (viz., Yahweh)

Jer 6:8

Agent: ø

Lev 26.18

Agent: וְיָסַפְ)תִּי֙) ‘I’ (viz., Yahweh)

Lev 26.23

Agent: לִ֑)י) ‘me’ (viz., Yahweh)
Instrument: בְּ)אֵ֔לֶּה) ‘these’ (viz., curses)

Lev 26.28

Agent: אָ֔נִי ‘I’ (Viz., Yahweh)

Notes for Semantic Roles

Reference	Notes for Semantic Roles
1 Kgs 12.11.2	Note the definite article on בָּעַקְרַבִּֽים ‘with (the) scorpions’. The same analysis applies to 1 Kings 12:14.
1 Kgs 12:11.1	The same analysis applies to 1 Kings 12:14.
2 Chron 10:14	Same as 1 King 12:14
Jer 10.24	The theme of ‘knowing’ is distinctly manifest within this section (נבערו; השכילו in v. 21; יד"ע verbs in both v. 24 and 25). This does seem to allude to the idea that ליסר במשפט falls more within the domain of ‘knowing’ something, hence the translation ‘in what is right’.
Jer 30.11	This verse is difficult. It has the same argument structure as Isaiah 28.26, in which למשפט was the stimulus and the grammatical object was the experiencer. The problem in the present verse, however, is that the domain of ‘mind’ is absent. Thus, משפט here is the manner of יס"ר, on the face of it—‘I will discipline you in just measure (למשפט).

Situation Types & Aspect

Reference	Situation Type	Viewpoint Aspect	Phasal Aspect	Notes for Situation Type
1 Kgs 12.11.2	achievement	perfect		‘Scorpions’ here is perhaps some kind of metonymy referring to, perhaps, the harsh sting of the kinds of whips to be used by Jeroboam. The same analysis applies to 1 Kings 12:14.
1 Kgs 12:11.1	achievement	perfect		The same analysis applies to 1 Kings 12:14.
Deut 21.18	accomplishment	perfect
Deut 22:18	accomplishment	perfect
Deut 4:36	accomplishment	perfect
Deut 8.5b	accomplishment			Reference to or constituency of time does seem to matter here.
Deut 8:5	accomplishment	perfect
Isa 28.26	accomplishment	perfect
Isa 8:11	accomplishment			In light of the morphology, I'm not sure which viewpoint aspect to assign to this instance.
Jer 10.24	accomplishment	perfect
Jer 2.19	accomplishment	perfect		The situation type in this verse is underspecified and so I chose what seems like the default for this verb.
Jer 30.11	accomplishment	perfect
Jer 31.18	accomplishment	perfect
Jer 6:8	accomplishment	perfect	inceptive	Yahweh is commanding Jerusalem to enter into the state of being נוֹסָר / מְיֻסַּר after his warning of the coming in 6:1–7.
Lev 26.18	accomplishment	perfect
Lev 26.23	accomplishment	perfect		This verse proves that the situation type is an accomplishment. There is a change of state expected of the patient that, if interrupted, the patient has not yet reached.
Lev 26.28	accomplishment	perfect

Preliminary Notes

None provided.

Verbal Profile for יסר

Basic Senses

HALOT

BDB

DCH

Instances

Conjugations

Binyanim

Grammatical Relations

Grammatical Relations Marking

Semantic Roles (As Presented)

Notes for Semantic Roles

Situation Types & Aspect

Domains

Preliminary Notes

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