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Hebrew (BHS)

לַמְנַצֵּ֗חַ מַשְׂכִּ֥יל לִבְנֵי־קֹֽרַח׃ כְּאַיָּ֗ל תַּעֲרֹ֥ג עַל־אֲפִֽיקֵי־מָ֑יִם כֵּ֤ן נַפְשִׁ֙י תַעֲרֹ֖ג אֵלֶ֣יךָ אֱלֹהִֽים׃ צָמְאָ֬ה נַפְשִׁ֙י׀ לֵאלֹהִים֘ לְאֵ֪ל חָ֥י מָתַ֥י אָב֑וֹא וְ֜אֵרָאֶ֗ה פְּנֵ֣י אֱלֹהִֽים׃ הָֽיְתָה־לִּ֬י דִמְעָתִ֣י לֶ֭חֶם יוֹמָ֣ם וָלָ֑יְלָה בֶּאֱמֹ֥ר אֵלַ֥י כָּל־הַ֜יּ֗וֹם אַיֵּ֥ה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃ אֵ֤לֶּה אֶזְכְּרָ֙ה׀ וְאֶשְׁפְּכָ֬ה עָלַ֙י׀ נַפְשִׁ֗י כִּ֤י אֶֽעֱבֹ֙ר׀ בַּסָּךְ֘ אֶדַּדֵּ֗ם עַד־בֵּ֥ית אֱלֹ֫הִ֥ים בְּקוֹל־רִנָּ֥ה וְתוֹדָ֗ה הָמ֥וֹן חוֹגֵֽג׃ מַה־תִּשְׁתּ֬וֹחֲחִ֙י׀ נַפְשִׁי֘ וַתֶּהֱמִ֪י עָ֫לָ֥י הוֹחִ֣ילִי לֵֽ֭אלֹהִים כִּי־ע֥וֹד אוֹדֶ֗נּוּ יְשׁוּע֥וֹת פָּנָֽיו׃ אֱֽלֹהַ֗י עָלַי֘ נַפְשִׁ֪י תִשְׁתּ֫וֹחָ֥ח עַל־כֵּ֗ן אֶ֭זְכָּרְךָ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ יַרְדֵּ֑ן וְ֜חֶרְמוֹנִ֗ים מֵהַ֥ר מִצְעָֽר׃ תְּהֽוֹם־אֶל־תְּה֣וֹם ק֭וֹרֵא לְק֣וֹל צִנּוֹרֶ֑יךָ כָּֽל־מִשְׁבָּרֶ֥יךָ וְ֜גַלֶּ֗יךָ עָלַ֥י עָבָֽרוּ׃ יוֹמָ֤ם׀ יְצַוֶּ֬ה יְהוָ֙ה׀ חַסְדּ֗וֹ וּ֭בַלַּיְלָה (שִׁירֹה) [שִׁיר֣וֹ] עִמִּ֑י תְּ֜פִלָּ֗ה לְאֵ֣ל חַיָּֽי׃ אוֹמְרָ֤ה׀ לְאֵ֥ל סַלְעִי֘ לָמָ֪ה שְׁכַ֫חְתָּ֥נִי לָֽמָּה־קֹדֵ֥ר אֵלֵ֗ךְ בְּלַ֣חַץ אוֹיֵֽב׃ בְּרֶ֤צַח׀ בְּֽעַצְמוֹתַ֗י חֵרְפ֥וּנִי צוֹרְרָ֑י בְּאָמְרָ֥ם אֵלַ֥י כָּל־הַ֜יּ֗וֹם אַיֵּ֥ה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃ מַה־תִּשְׁתּ֬וֹחֲחִ֙י׀ נַפְשִׁי֘ וּֽמַה־תֶּהֱמִ֪י עָ֫לָ֥י הוֹחִ֣ילִי לֵֽ֭אלֹהִים כִּי־ע֣וֹד אוֹדֶ֑נּוּ יְשׁוּעֹ֥ת פָּ֜נַ֗י וֵֽאלֹהָֽי׃

Greek (Rahlfs-Hanhart LXX)

εἰς τὸ τέλος εἰς σύνεσιν τοῖς υἱοῖς Κορε ὃν τρόπον ἐπιποθεῖ ἡ ἔλαφος ἐπὶ τὰς πηγὰς τῶν ὑδάτων οὕτως ἐπιποθεῖ ἡ ψυχή μου πρὸς σέ ὁ θεός ἐδίψησεν ἡ ψυχή μου πρὸς τὸν θεὸν τὸν ζῶντα πότε ἥξω καὶ ὀφθήσομαι τῷ προσώπῳ τοῦ θεοῦ ἐγενήθη μοι τὰ δάκρυά μου ἄρτος ἡμέρας καὶ νυκτὸς ἐν τῷ λέγεσθαί μοι καθ᾽ ἑκάστην ἡμέραν ποῦ ἐστιν ὁ θεός σου ταῦτα ἐμνήσθην καὶ ἐξέχεα ἐπ᾽ ἐμὲ τὴν ψυχήν μου ὅτι διελεύσομαι ἐν τόπῳ σκηνῆς θαυμαστῆς ἕως τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ θεοῦ ἐν φωνῇ ἀγαλλιάσεως καὶ ἐξομολογήσεως ἤχου ἑορτάζοντος ἵνα τί περίλυπος εἶ ψυχή καὶ ἵνα τί συνταράσσεις με ἔλπισον ἐπὶ τὸν θεόν ὅτι ἐξομολογήσομαι αὐτῷ σωτήριον τοῦ προσώπου μου ὁ θεός μου πρὸς ἐμαυτὸν ἡ ψυχή μου ἐταράχθη διὰ τοῦτο μνησθήσομαί σου ἐκ γῆς Ιορδάνου καὶ Ερμωνιιμ ἀπὸ ὄρους μικροῦ ἄβυσσος ἄβυσσον ἐπικαλεῖται εἰς φωνὴν τῶν καταρρακτῶν σου πάντες οἱ μετεωρισμοί σου καὶ τὰ κύματά σου ἐπ᾽ ἐμὲ διῆλθον ἡμέρας ἐντελεῖται κύριος τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ καὶ νυκτὸς ᾠδὴ παρ᾽ ἐμοί προσευχὴ τῷ θεῷ τῆς ζωῆς μου ἐρῶ τῷ θεῷ ἀντιλήμπτωρ μου εἶ διὰ τί μου ἐπελάθου ἵνα τί σκυθρωπάζων πορεύομαι ἐν τῷ ἐκθλίβειν τὸν ἐχθρόν μου ἐν τῷ καταθλάσαι τὰ ὀστᾶ μου ὠνείδισάν με οἱ θλίβοντές με ἐν τῷ λέγειν αὐτούς μοι καθ᾽ ἑκάστην ἡμέραν ποῦ ἐστιν ὁ θεός σου ἵνα τί περίλυπος εἶ ψυχή καὶ ἵνα τί συνταράσσεις με ἔλπισον ἐπὶ τὸν θεόν ὅτι ἐξομολογήσομαι αὐτῷ ἡ σωτηρία τοῦ προσώπου μου ὁ θεός μου

Summary

Line divisions

v. 1

Authorship

This psalm was authored by the Korahites.

Outline

(This began as Wendland's Expository Outline^[1], but may be adapted.)

I. Desire. (1-2)

A. The psalmist pants for God like a hart (deer).

B. He thirsts for God. Thirst is perpetual.

C. He wants to come and appear before God.

(He desires fellowship with Him.)

II. Despair and depression. (3-4)

A. Tears day and night.

B. People questioning, Where is your God?

C. Painful memories of the past:

1. When he went with the multitude to God’s house.

2. When his life was marked by joy and praise.

III. Declarations. (5-11)

A. I will say to my soul: “Why art thou cast down, O my soul? and why art thou disquieted in me?” (He speaks faith to his fears. His focus is on the future.)

1. Hope in God.

2. I will yet praise Him.

3. He is my help.

B. I will remember Him from times past:

1. From the land of Jordan.

2. From the land of the Hermonites.

3. From the hill Miazar.

C. I believe that:

1. It is His waves and billows that go over me.

2. He will command His loving kindness in the daytime.

3. In the night, His song shall be with me.

(We need to praise Him in the night time of our lives.)

D. I will pray to the God of my life:

1. Why hast Thou forgotten me?

2. Why go I mourning because of the oppression of the enemy?

3. As with a sword in my bones, my enemies reproach me.

4. They constantly question, Where is Your God?

E. I will say to my soul:

1. Why art thou cast down, O my soul?

2. Why art thou disquieted within me?

3. Hope thou in God.

4. For I shall yet praise Him.

5. He is the health of my countenance and my God.

Lineation

Cf. Psalm 43

Proposed lineation	Line	Supporting evidence	Conflicting evidence
לַמְנַצֵּ֗חַ מַשְׂכִּ֥יל לִבְנֵי־קֹֽרַח׃	v. 1	s Vat-Sin-Alx Ber
כְּאַיָּ֗ל תַּעֲרֹ֥ג עַל־אֲפִֽיקֵי־מָ֑יִם	v. 2a	P a Vat-Sin-Alx Ber Am
כֵּ֤ן נַפְשִׁ֙י תַעֲרֹ֖ג אֵלֶ֣יךָ אֱלֹהִֽים׃	v. 2b	s Vat-Sin-Alx Ber Am
צָמְאָ֬ה נַפְשִׁ֙י׀ לֵאלֹהִים֘ לְאֵ֪ל חָ֥י	v. 3a	P oy Vat-Sin-Alx Ber Am
מָתַ֥י אָב֑וֹא וְ֜אֵרָאֶ֗ה פְּנֵ֣י אֱלֹהִֽים׃	v. 3b	s Vat-Sin-Alx Ber Am^[2]
הָֽיְתָה־לִּ֬י דִמְעָתִ֣י לֶ֭חֶם יוֹמָ֣ם וָלָ֑יְלָה	v. 4a	P a Vat-Sin-Alx Ber Am
בֶּאֱמֹ֥ר אֵלַ֥י כָּל־הַ֜יּ֗וֹם אַיֵּ֥ה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃	v. 4b	s Vat-Sin-Alx Ber Am
אֵ֤לֶּה אֶזְכְּרָ֙ה׀ וְאֶשְׁפְּכָ֬ה עָלַ֙י׀ נַפְשִׁ֗י	v. 5a	r Vat-Sin-Alx Ber Am
כִּ֤י אֶֽעֱבֹ֙ר׀ בַּסָּךְ֘ אֶדַּדֵּ֗ם עַד־בֵּ֥ית אֱלֹ֫הִ֥ים	v. 5b	oy Vat-Sin-Alx Ber* Am	P?^[3] Ber*^[4]
בְּקוֹל־רִנָּ֥ה וְתוֹדָ֗ה הָמ֥וֹן חוֹגֵֽג׃	v. 5c	s Vat-Sin-Alx Ber Am
מַה־תִּשְׁתּ֬וֹחֲחִ֙י׀ נַפְשִׁי֘ וַתֶּהֱמִ֪י עָ֫לָ֥י	v. 6a	P oy Vat-Sin Ber Am^[5]	Alx^[6]
הוֹחִ֣ילִי לֵֽ֭אלֹהִים כִּי־ע֥וֹד אוֹדֶ֗נּוּ	v. 6b	r Vat-Sin-Alx	Ber^[7] Am*^[8]
יְשׁוּע֥וֹת פָּנָֽיו׃ אֱֽלֹהַ֗י	v. 6c	Vat-Sin-Alx^[9] (cf. CTAT)	C s Ber Am
עָלַי֘ נַפְשִׁ֪י תִשְׁתּ֫וֹחָ֥ח	v. 7a	P oy Vat-Sin-Alx Ber Am
עַל־כֵּ֗ן אֶ֭זְכָּרְךָ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ יַרְדֵּ֑ן	v. 7b	a Alx Ber	Vat-Sin^[10] Am^[11]
וְ֜חֶרְמוֹנִ֗ים מֵהַ֥ר מִצְעָֽר׃	v. 7c	s Vat-Sin* Alx Ber Am*
תְּהֽוֹם־אֶל־תְּה֣וֹם ק֭וֹרֵא לְק֣וֹל צִנּוֹרֶ֑יךָ	v. 8a	a Vat-Sin-Alx Ber Am*	Am^[12]
כָּֽל־מִשְׁבָּרֶ֥יךָ וְ֜גַלֶּ֗יךָ עָלַ֥י עָבָֽרוּ׃	v. 8b	s P Vat-Sin-Alx Ber Am
יוֹמָ֤ם׀ יְצַוֶּ֬ה יְהוָ֙ה׀ חַסְדּ֗וֹ	v. 9a	r Alx Ber Am	Vat-Sin^[13]
וּ֭בַלַּיְלָה שִׁירֹה עִמִּ֑י	v. 9b	a Alx Ber Sin(cor) Am	Vat-Sin^[14]
תְּ֜פִלָּ֗ה לְאֵ֣ל חַיָּֽי׃	v. 9c	s P Vat-Sin* Alx Ber Am
אוֹמְרָ֤ה׀ לְאֵ֥ל סַלְעִי֘ לָמָ֪ה שְׁכַ֫חְתָּ֥נִי	v. 10a	P oy Vat-Sin-Alx Ber Am
לָֽמָּה־קֹדֵ֥ר אֵלֵ֗ךְ בְּלַ֣חַץ אוֹיֵֽב׃	v. 10b	s Vat-Sin Alx* Ber Am	Alx^[15]
בְּרֶ֤צַח׀ בְּֽעַצְמוֹתַ֗י חֵרְפ֥וּנִי צוֹרְרָ֑י	v. 11a	P a Vat-Sin-Alx Ber Am*	Am^[16]
בְּאָמְרָ֥ם אֵלַ֥י כָּל־הַ֜יּ֗וֹם אַיֵּ֥ה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃	v. 11b	s Vat-Sin-Alx Ber Am
מַה־תִּשְׁתּ֬וֹחֲחִ֙י׀ נַפְשִׁי֘ וּֽמַה־תֶּהֱמִ֪י עָ֫לָ֥י	v. 12a	P oy Vat-Sin Ber* Am*^[17]	Ber*^[18] Alx^[19]
הוֹחִ֣ילִי לֵֽ֭אלֹהִים כִּי־ע֣וֹד אוֹדֶ֑נּוּ	v. 12b	a Vat-Sin-Alx Am
יְשׁוּעֹ֥ת פָּ֜נַ֗י וֵֽאלֹהָֽי׃	v. 12c	P s Vat-Sin-Alx Am

Textual Criticism

The following is from Barthélemy's Critique textuelle de l’Ancien Testament volume on the Psalms.^[20] For a key to the various symbols and abbreviations, click here.

Ps 42,2(1) כְּאַיִּל {B} MT, G // err-voc: α', ε' clav אֵיל / incert: σ' / transl: Lat, Gal, Hebr

Ps 42,3(2) cor וְאֶרְאֶה {C} m, S, T // theol: MT, G, Hebr וְאֵרָאֶה

Ps 42,5(4)A בַּסָּךְ {A}

Ps 42,5(4)B cor אֲדַדֵּם {C} α' // exeg: Hebr, σ' / err-ponct: MT אֶדַּדֵּם / err-graph: G, S, T clav אדרם

Ps 42,6-7(5-6) cor פָּנַי וֵאלֹהָי {C} m, g, ε', S // transf-'waw': MT, G(?) α', θ'σ', Hebr, T / err-graph: G(?) פני אלהי

Ps 42,7(6) מֵהַר מִצְעָר {A} MT, G, Hebr // lic: σ' / midr: T

Ps 42,11(10) בְּרֶצַח {A} MT, G, α', θ', S, T // facil-synt: m, σ' כרצח / incert: Hebr

References

↑ Ernst Wendland, Expository Outlines of the Psalms, https://www.academia.edu/37220700/Expository_Outlines_of_the_PSALMS
↑ ante facie tua
↑ בַּסָּךְ֘ may or may not be in pause
↑ כִּ֤י אֶֽעֱבֹ֙ר׀ בַּסָּךְ֘ אֶדַּדֵּ֗ם // עַד־בֵּ֥ית אֱלֹ֫הִ֥ים
↑ מַה־תִּשְׁתּ֬וֹחֲחִ֙י׀ נַפְשִׁי֘ / (new line, but indented)וַתֶּהֱמִ֪י עָ֫לָ֥י
↑ additional line end at נַפְשִׁי֘
↑ הוֹחִ֣ילִי לֵֽ֭אלֹהִים // כִּי־ע֥וֹד אוֹדֶ֗נּוּ יְשׁוּע֥וֹת פָּנָֽיו׃
↑ Line end at אוֹדֶ֗נּוּ, but the following line is indented. But see Amiatinus in 42:12 and 43:5.
↑ σωτήριον τοῦ προσώπου μου ὁ θεός μου
↑ διὰ τοῦτο μνησθήσομαί σου ἐκ γῆς Ιορδάνου καὶ Ερμωνιιμ ἀπὸ ὄρους μικροῦ.
↑ Propterea recordabor tui // de terra iordanis et hermonum de monte minimo
↑ abyssus abyssum vocat // in voce cataractarum tuarum
↑ ἡμέρας ἐντελεῖται κύριος τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ καὶ νυκτὸς δηλωσει
↑ ἡμέρας ἐντελεῖται κύριος τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ καὶ νυκτὸς δηλωσει // παρʼ ἐμοί προσευχὴ τῷ θεῷ τῆς ζωῆς μου
↑ additional line end at אֵלֵ֗ךְ
↑ additional line end at בְּֽעַצְמוֹתַ֗י (in ossib meis)
↑ מַה־תִּשְׁתּ֬וֹחֲחִ֙י׀ נַפְשִׁי֘ / (new line, but indented)וַתֶּהֱמִ֪י עָ֫לָ֥י
↑ מַה־תִּשְׁתּ֬וֹחֲחִ֙י׀ נַפְשִׁי֘ // וּֽמַה־תֶּהֱמִ֪י עָ֫לָ֥י
↑ additional line end at נַפְשִׁי֘
↑ Dominique Barthélemy, Critique textuelle de l’Ancien Testament: Tome 4. Psaumes, https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-150304

[1] Ernst Wendland, Expository Outlines of the Psalms, https://www.academia.edu/37220700/Expository_Outlines_of_the_PSALMS

[2] te facie tua

[3] בַּסָּךְ֘ may or may not be in pause

[4] כִּ֤י אֶֽעֱבֹ֙ר׀ בַּסָּךְ֘ אֶדַּדֵּ֗ם // עַד־בֵּ֥ית אֱלֹ֫הִ֥ים

[5] מַה־תִּשְׁתּ֬וֹחֲחִ֙י׀ נַפְשִׁי֘ / (new line, but indented)וַתֶּהֱמִ֪י עָ֫לָ֥י

[6] tional line end at נַפְשִׁי֘

[7] הוֹחִ֣ילִי לֵֽ֭אלֹהִים // כִּי־ע֥וֹד אוֹדֶ֗נּוּ יְשׁוּע֥וֹת פָּנָֽיו׃

[8] Line end at אוֹדֶ֗נּוּ, but the following line is indented. But see Amiatinus in 42:12 and 43:5.

[9] σωτήριον τοῦ προσώπου μου ὁ θεός μου

[10] διὰ τοῦτο μνησθήσομαί σου ἐκ γῆς Ιορδάνου καὶ Ερμωνιιμ ἀπὸ ὄρους μικροῦ.

[11] Propterea recordabor tui // de terra iordanis et hermonum de monte minimo

[12] yssus abyssum vocat // in voce cataractarum tuarum

[13] ἡμέρας ἐντελεῖται κύριος τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ καὶ νυκτὸς δηλωσει

[14] ἡμέρας ἐντελεῖται κύριος τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ καὶ νυκτὸς δηλωσει // παρʼ ἐμοί προσευχὴ τῷ θεῷ τῆς ζωῆς μου

[15] tional line end at אֵלֵ֗ךְ

[16] tional line end at בְּֽעַצְמוֹתַ֗י (in ossib meis)

[17] מַה־תִּשְׁתּ֬וֹחֲחִ֙י׀ נַפְשִׁי֘ / (new line, but indented)וַתֶּהֱמִ֪י עָ֫לָ֥י

[18] מַה־תִּשְׁתּ֬וֹחֲחִ֙י׀ נַפְשִׁי֘ // וּֽמַה־תֶּהֱמִ֪י עָ֫לָ֥י

[19] tional line end at נַפְשִׁי֘

[20] Dominique Barthélemy, Critique textuelle de l’Ancien Testament: Tome 4. Psaumes, https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-150304

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Psalm 42