Psalm 11/Text/Table

Other links: Psalm 11/Admin; Psalm 11/At-a-glance

Note that when verses are numbered with periods (e.g. 1.1, 1.2, it indicates the lineation is based on clauses. Numbering with letters (e.g. 1a, 1b indicates poetic lines.)

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Text (Hebrew)	Verse	Text (CBC)
לַמְנַצֵּ֗חַ לְדָ֫וִ֥ד	1a	For the director. By David.
בַּֽיהוָ֨ה ׀ חָסִ֗יתִי	1b	I have sought refuge in YHWH.
אֵ֭יךְ תֹּאמְר֣וּ לְנַפְשִׁ֑י	1c	How can you say to me,
נ֝֗וּדִו הַרְכֶ֥ם צִפּֽוֹר׃	1d	"Flee to your mountain, birds!
כִּ֤י הִנֵּ֪ה הָרְשָׁעִ֡ים יִדְרְכ֬וּן קֶ֗שֶׁת	2a	For look! the wicked people are about to bend the bow.
כּוֹנְנ֣וּ חִצָּ֣ם עַל־יֶ֑תֶר	2b	They have put their arrows in place on the string
לִיר֥וֹת בְּמוֹ־אֹ֝֗פֶל לְיִשְׁרֵי־לֵֽב׃	2c	in order to shoot in deep darkness at the upright in heart.
כִּ֣י הַ֭שָּׁתוֹת יֵֽהָרֵס֑וּן	3a	For the foundations are about to be destroyed.
צַ֝דִּ֗יק מַה־פָּעָֽל׃	3b	What has the righteous person done?"
יְהוָ֤ה ׀ בְּֽהֵ֘יכַ֤ל קָדְשׁ֗וֹ	4a	YHWH is in his holy temple.
יְהוָה֮ בַּשָּׁמַ֪יִם כִּ֫סְא֥וֹ	4b	YHWH – his throne is in heaven.
עֵינָ֥יו יֶחֱז֑וּ	4c	His eyes observe.
עַפְעַפָּ֥יו יִ֝בְחֲנ֗וּ בְּנֵ֣י אָדָֽם׃	4d	His eyelids test humans.
יְהוָה֮ צַדִּ֪יק יִ֫בְחָ֥ן	5a	YHWH refines the righteous person,
וְ֭רָשָׁע וְאֹהֵ֣ב חָמָ֑ס שָֽׂנְאָ֥ה נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃	5b	but his soul hates the wicked person, who loves violence.
יַמְטֵ֥ר עַל־רְשָׁעִ֗ים פַּ֫חִ֥ים	6a	May he rain traps on wicked people!
אֵ֣שׁ וְ֭גָפְרִית וְר֥וּחַ זִלְעָפ֗וֹת מְנָ֣ת כּוֹסָֽם׃	6b	May the portion in their cup be fire, brimstone, and a scorching wind!
כִּֽי־צַדִּ֣יק יְ֭הוָה	7a	For YHWH is righteous;
צְדָק֣וֹת אָהֵ֑ב	7b	he loves righteous acts;
יָ֝שָׁ֗ר יֶחֱז֥וּ פָנֵֽימוֹ׃	7c	the upright people will look at his face.

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At-a-Glance table

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For more information, see Psalm 11/At-a-glance. There you will see links to change all the section/emotion/speaker/addressee info.

Text (Hebrew)	Verse	Text (CBC)
לַמְנַצֵּ֗חַ לְדָ֫וִ֥ד	1a	For the director. By David.
בַּֽיהוָ֨ה ׀ חָסִ֗יתִי	1b	I have sought refuge in YHWH.
אֵ֭יךְ תֹּאמְר֣וּ לְנַפְשִׁ֑י	1c	How can you say to me,
נ֝֗וּדִו הַרְכֶ֥ם צִפּֽוֹר׃	1d	"Flee to your mountain, birds!
כִּ֤י הִנֵּ֪ה הָרְשָׁעִ֡ים יִדְרְכ֬וּן קֶ֗שֶׁת	2a	For look! the wicked people are about to bend the bow.
כּוֹנְנ֣וּ חִצָּ֣ם עַל־יֶ֑תֶר	2b	They have put their arrows in place on the string
לִיר֥וֹת בְּמוֹ־אֹ֝֗פֶל לְיִשְׁרֵי־לֵֽב׃	2c	in order to shoot in deep darkness at the upright in heart.
כִּ֣י הַ֭שָּׁתוֹת יֵֽהָרֵס֑וּן	3a	For the foundations are about to be destroyed.
צַ֝דִּ֗יק מַה־פָּעָֽל׃	3b	What has the righteous person done?"
יְהוָ֤ה ׀ בְּֽהֵ֘יכַ֤ל קָדְשׁ֗וֹ	4a	YHWH is in his holy temple.
יְהוָה֮ בַּשָּׁמַ֪יִם כִּ֫סְא֥וֹ	4b	YHWH – his throne is in heaven.
עֵינָ֥יו יֶחֱז֑וּ	4c	His eyes observe.
עַפְעַפָּ֥יו יִ֝בְחֲנ֗וּ בְּנֵ֣י אָדָֽם׃	4d	His eyelids test humans.
יְהוָה֮ צַדִּ֪יק יִ֫בְחָ֥ן	5a	YHWH refines the righteous person,
וְ֭רָשָׁע וְאֹהֵ֣ב חָמָ֑ס שָֽׂנְאָ֥ה נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃	5b	but his soul hates the wicked person, who loves violence.
יַמְטֵ֥ר עַל־רְשָׁעִ֗ים פַּ֫חִ֥ים	6a	May he rain traps on wicked people!
אֵ֣שׁ וְ֭גָפְרִית וְר֥וּחַ זִלְעָפ֗וֹת מְנָ֣ת כּוֹסָֽם׃	6b	May the portion in their cup be fire, brimstone, and a scorching wind!
כִּֽי־צַדִּ֣יק יְ֭הוָה	7a	For YHWH is righteous;
צְדָק֣וֹת אָהֵ֑ב	7b	he loves righteous acts;
יָ֝שָׁ֗ר יֶחֱז֥וּ פָנֵֽימוֹ׃	7c	the upright people will look at his face.

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Participants table

Speaker	Text (Hebrew)	Verse	Text (CBC) The Close-but-clear translation (CBC) exists to provide a window into the Hebrew text according to how we understand its syntax and word-to-phrase-level semantics. It is designed to be "close" to the Hebrew, while still being "clear." Specifically, the CBC encapsulates and reflects the following layers of analysis: grammar, lexical semantics, phrase-level semantics, and verbal semantics. It does not reflect our analysis of the discourse or of poetics. It is not intended to be used as a stand-alone translation or base text, but as a supplement to Layer-by-Layer materials to help users make full use of these resources.		Addressee
לַמְנַצֵּ֗חַ לְדָ֫וִ֥ד	1a	For the director. By David.
בַּֽיהוָ֨ה ׀ חָסִ֗יתִי	1b	I have sought refuge in YHWH.
אֵ֭יךְ תֹּאמְר֣וּ לְנַפְשִׁ֑י	1c	How can you say to me,
נ֝֗וּדִו הַרְכֶ֥ם צִפּֽוֹר׃	1d	"Flee to your mountain, birds!
כִּ֤י הִנֵּ֪ה הָרְשָׁעִ֡ים יִדְרְכ֬וּן קֶ֗שֶׁת	2a	For look! the wicked people are about to bend the bow.
כּוֹנְנ֣וּ חִצָּ֣ם עַל־יֶ֑תֶר	2b	They have put their arrows in place on the string
לִיר֥וֹת בְּמוֹ־אֹ֝֗פֶל לְיִשְׁרֵי־לֵֽב׃	2c	in order to shoot in deep darkness at the upright in heart.
כִּ֣י הַ֭שָּׁתוֹת יֵֽהָרֵס֑וּן	3a	For the foundations are about to be destroyed.
צַ֝דִּ֗יק מַה־פָּעָֽל׃	3b	What has the righteous person done?"
יְהוָ֤ה ׀ בְּֽהֵ֘יכַ֤ל קָדְשׁ֗וֹ	4a	YHWH is in his holy temple.
יְהוָה֮ בַּשָּׁמַ֪יִם כִּ֫סְא֥וֹ	4b	YHWH – his throne is in heaven.
עֵינָ֥יו יֶחֱז֑וּ	4c	His eyes observe.
עַפְעַפָּ֥יו יִ֝בְחֲנ֗וּ בְּנֵ֣י אָדָֽם׃	4d	His eyelids test humans.
יְהוָה֮ צַדִּ֪יק יִ֫בְחָ֥ן	5a	YHWH refines the righteous person,
וְ֭רָשָׁע וְאֹהֵ֣ב חָמָ֑ס שָֽׂנְאָ֥ה נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃	5b	but his soul hates the wicked person, who loves violence.
יַמְטֵ֥ר עַל־רְשָׁעִ֗ים פַּ֫חִ֥ים	6a	May he rain traps on wicked people!
אֵ֣שׁ וְ֭גָפְרִית וְר֥וּחַ זִלְעָפ֗וֹת מְנָ֣ת כּוֹסָֽם׃	6b	May the portion in their cup be fire, brimstone, and a scorching wind!
כִּֽי־צַדִּ֣יק יְ֭הוָה	7a	For YHWH is righteous;
צְדָק֣וֹת אָהֵ֑ב	7b	he loves righteous acts;
יָ֝שָׁ֗ר יֶחֱז֥וּ פָנֵֽימוֹ׃	7c	the upright people will look at his face.

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Text (Hebrew)	Verse	Expanded Paraphrase
לַמְנַצֵּ֗חַ לְדָ֫וִ֥ד בַּֽיהוָ֨ה ׀ חָסִ֗יתִי אֵ֭יךְ תֹּאמְר֣וּ לְנַפְשִׁ֑י נ֝֗וּדִו הַרְכֶ֥ם צִפּֽוֹר׃	1	For the director. By David. I have sought refuge in YHWH my king and therefore I am safe from all harm. How then can you my military advisors say to me, " You and those you are with you should Flee to your mountain, because you are like birds which are about to be trapped and birds take shelter in the mountains! We are under siege, and we have no hope of a successful defense, and a besieged king is like a trapped bird who should flee if he can.
כִּ֤י הִנֵּ֪ה הָרְשָׁעִ֡ים יִדְרְכ֬וּן קֶ֗שֶׁת כּוֹנְנ֣וּ חִצָּ֣ם עַל־יֶ֑תֶר לִיר֥וֹת בְּמוֹ־אֹ֝֗פֶל לְיִשְׁרֵי־לֵֽב׃	2	"You should flee because the enemy is preparing for an all-out assault on our city! For look! The wicked ones those who oppose YHWH's people are about to bend and put the string on the bow. Bows are a critical offensive weapon in a siege. They have now already bent and strung the bow. The assault is beginning. They have put their arrows in place on the string in order to shoot in deep darkness an image of calamity at those of us who are in the city who are upright in heart and have done no wrong so as to deserve this.
כִּ֣י הַ֭שָּׁתוֹת יֵֽהָרֵס֑וּן צַ֝דִּ֗יק מַה־פָּעָֽל׃	3	"You should flee For the foundations of our city wall are about to be destroyed Cities are protected by fortifications which have foundations, and a besieging army would sometimes attempt to destroy the foundations of a defensive structure. What has the righteous one done to deserve this? The righteous have done nothing to deserve this! YHWH has unjustly brought this crisis about for no good reason, which means we can no longer trust him for protection, which means that the only way for you to be safe is for you to flee."
יְהוָ֤ה ׀ בְּֽהֵ֘יכַ֤ל קָדְשׁ֗וֹ יְהוָה֮ בַּשָּׁמַ֪יִם כִּ֫סְא֥וֹ עֵינָ֥יו יֶחֱז֑וּ עַפְעַפָּ֥יו יִ֝בְחֲנ֗וּ בְּנֵ֣י אָדָֽם׃	4	You say all this because you are forgetting who YHWH is. YHWH, in whom I have taken refuge is the supreme king over the whole world. YHWH is in his holy temple in the heavens. YHWH - his throne is not on the earth but in heaven. Just as it is the responsibility of an earthly king to execute justice in his land so YHWH will execute justice in the world. In order to execute justice, YHWH needs to know who is righteous and who is wicked. That's why His eyes observe. That's why His eyelids test humans like a goldsmith tests a precious metal to determine its quality.
יְהוָה֮ צַדִּ֪יק יִ֫בְחָ֥ן וְ֭רָשָׁע וְאֹהֵ֣ב חָמָ֑ס שָֽׂנְאָ֥ה נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃	5	Since YHWH knows who is righteous and who is wicked, he can deal with each accordingly. YHWH refines the righteous one just as a goldsmith refines a precious metal in the fire. YHWH loves the righteous and the difficulties they experience, like the one which we are experiencing, are meant to refine them, not to destroy them, but he doesn't refine the wicked. Instead, his soul hates the wicked one, who loves violence just as those who are attacking us show their love for violence.
יַמְטֵ֥ר עַל־רְשָׁעִ֗ים פַּ֫חִ֥ים אֵ֣שׁ וְ֭גָפְרִית וְר֥וּחַ זִלְעָפ֗וֹת מְנָ֣ת כּוֹסָֽם׃	6	God rained fire and brimstone on the wicked cities of Sodom and Gomorrah and so demonstrated his justice. May he rain traps which are used to catch birds on wicked people since, despite what it may seem, it is not we but the wicked who will be trapped like birds. May the portion in their cup be fire, brimstone, and a scorching wind. Just as YHWH showed himself to be just when he rained fire and brimstone on Sodom and Gomorrah, so may he do it again!
כִּֽי־צַדִּ֣יק יְ֭הוָה צְדָק֣וֹת אָהֵ֑ב יָ֝שָׁ֗ר יֶחֱז֥וּ פָנֵֽימוֹ׃	7	My advisors may doubt, but I trust YHWH. For YHWH is righteous. He loves righteous acts and those who do them. Whereas the fate of the wicked is destruction, The upright will look at his face and so experience his favor and protective presence forever.

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Text (Hebrew)	Verse	Text (CBC)
לַמְנַצֵּ֗חַ לְדָ֫וִ֥ד	1a	For the director. By David.
בַּֽיהוָ֨ה ׀ חָסִ֗יתִי	1b	I have sought refuge in YHWH.
אֵ֭יךְ תֹּאמְר֣וּ לְנַפְשִׁ֑י	1c	How can you say to me,
נ֝֗וּדִו הַרְכֶ֥ם צִפּֽוֹר׃	1d	"Flee to your mountain, birds!
כִּ֤י הִנֵּ֪ה הָרְשָׁעִ֡ים יִדְרְכ֬וּן קֶ֗שֶׁת	2a	For look! the wicked people are about to bend the bow.
כּוֹנְנ֣וּ חִצָּ֣ם עַל־יֶ֑תֶר	2b	They have put their arrows in place on the string
לִיר֥וֹת בְּמוֹ־אֹ֝֗פֶל לְיִשְׁרֵי־לֵֽב׃	2c	in order to shoot in deep darkness at the upright in heart.
כִּ֣י הַ֭שָּׁתוֹת יֵֽהָרֵס֑וּן	3a	For the foundations are about to be destroyed.
צַ֝דִּ֗יק מַה־פָּעָֽל׃	3b	What has the righteous person done?"
יְהוָ֤ה ׀ בְּֽהֵ֘יכַ֤ל קָדְשׁ֗וֹ	4a	YHWH is in his holy temple.
יְהוָה֮ בַּשָּׁמַ֪יִם כִּ֫סְא֥וֹ	4b	YHWH – his throne is in heaven.
עֵינָ֥יו יֶחֱז֑וּ	4c	His eyes observe.
עַפְעַפָּ֥יו יִ֝בְחֲנ֗וּ בְּנֵ֣י אָדָֽם׃	4d	His eyelids test humans.
יְהוָה֮ צַדִּ֪יק יִ֫בְחָ֥ן	5a	YHWH refines the righteous person,
וְ֭רָשָׁע וְאֹהֵ֣ב חָמָ֑ס שָֽׂנְאָ֥ה נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃	5b	but his soul hates the wicked person, who loves violence.
יַמְטֵ֥ר עַל־רְשָׁעִ֗ים פַּ֫חִ֥ים	6a	May he rain traps on wicked people!
אֵ֣שׁ וְ֭גָפְרִית וְר֥וּחַ זִלְעָפ֗וֹת מְנָ֣ת כּוֹסָֽם׃	6b	May the portion in their cup be fire, brimstone, and a scorching wind!
כִּֽי־צַדִּ֣יק יְ֭הוָה	7a	For YHWH is righteous;
צְדָק֣וֹת אָהֵ֑ב	7b	he loves righteous acts;
יָ֝שָׁ֗ר יֶחֱז֥וּ פָנֵֽימוֹ׃	7c	the upright people will look at his face.