Method: Verse-by-Verse Notes: Difference between revisions

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==7. Including other visuals==
==7. Including other visuals==
You may want to include other visuals throughout your notes. For example, a Venn Diagram might accompany a note about the meaning of a word, or a Poetic Features visual might accompany a note about a poetic feature, etc. These other visuals should, by this time, be published to other parts of the wiki, so that you can copy them and paste them to your Verse-by-Verse page. The process for copying these visuals is the same as the process for copying the expanded paraphrase and grammatical diagram [https://psalms.cdbr.org/w/Verse-by-Verse_Notes#2._Expanded_paraphrase_and_grammatical_diagram described above].
You may want to include other visuals throughout your notes. For example, a Venn Diagram might accompany a note about the meaning of a word, or a Poetic Features visual might accompany a note about a poetic feature, etc. These other visuals should, by this time, be published to other parts of the wiki, so that you can copy them and paste them to your Verse-by-Verse page. The process for copying these visuals is the same as the process for copying the expanded paraphrase and grammatical diagram [https://psalms.cdbr.org/w/Verse-by-Verse_Notes#2._Expanded_paraphrase_and_grammatical_diagram described above].
=Template for 29 verses=
For time-saving purposes, a template is available for 29 verses (based on Ps. 118). Copy and paste the following text into the wiki page:
{{Verse-by-Verse Welcome|Chapter=118}}
===v. 1===
Watch the Overview video on v. 1.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 1 || הוֹד֣וּ לַיהוָ֣ה כִּי־ט֑וֹב כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ׃ || Give thanks to YHWH because he is good, because his loyalty is forever.
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 2===
Watch the Overview video on v. 2.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 2 || יֹֽאמַר־נָ֥א יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ׃  ||  Let Israel say, “Because his loyalty is forever”.
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 3===
Watch the Overview video on v. 3.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 3 || יֹֽאמְרוּ־נָ֥א בֵֽית־אַהֲרֹ֑ן כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ׃  || Let the house of Aaron say, “Because his loyalty is forever”.
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 4===
Watch the Overview video on v. 4.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 4 || יֹֽאמְרוּ־נָ֭א יִרְאֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ׃  || Let those who fear YHWH say, “Because his loyalty is forever”.
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 5===
Watch the Overview video on v. 5.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 5a || מִֽן־הַ֭מֵּצַ֥ר קָרָ֣אתִי יָּ֑הּ  || From the tight place I cried out to Yah.
|-
| 5b || עָנָ֖נִי בַמֶּרְחָ֣ב יָֽהּ׃ || Yah answered me with spaciousness.
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 6===
Watch the Overview video on v. 6.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 6a || יְהוָ֣ה לִ֭י לֹ֣א אִירָ֑א  || YHWH is for me. I shall not fear.
|-
| 6b || מַה־יַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה לִ֣י אָדָֽם׃ || What can man do to me?
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 7===
Watch the Overview video on v. 7.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 7a || יְהוָ֣ה לִ֭י בְּעֹזְרָ֑י  ||  TYHWH is for me as my helper,
|-
| 7b ||  וַ֝אֲנִ֗י אֶרְאֶ֥ה בְשֹׂנְאָֽי׃ || and I shall look in triumph upon those who hate me.
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 8===
Watch the Overview video on v. 8.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 8 || ט֗וֹב לַחֲס֥וֹת בַּיהוָ֑ה מִ֝בְּטֹ֗חַ בָּאָדָֽם׃  || It is better to take refuge in YHWH than to trust in man.
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 9===
Watch the Overview video on v. 9
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 9 ||  ט֗וֹב לַחֲס֥וֹת בַּיהוָ֑ה מִ֝בְּטֹ֗חַ בִּנְדִיבִֽים׃  || It is better to take refuge in YHWH than to trust in noblemen.
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 10===
Watch the Overview video on v. 10.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 10a || כָּל־גּוֹיִ֥ם סְבָב֑וּנִי  || All nations surrounded me.
|-
| 10b || בְּשֵׁ֥ם יְ֝הוָ֗ה כִּ֣י אֲמִילַֽם׃ || “With the name of YHWH, yes I shall drive them away!”
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 11===
Watch the Overview video on v. 11.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 11a || סַבּ֥וּנִי גַם־סְבָב֑וּנִי  || They surrounded me, indeed they surrounded me.
|-
| 11b || בְּשֵׁ֥ם יְ֝הוָ֗ה כִּ֣י אֲמִילַֽם׃ || “With the name of YHWH, yes I shall drive them away!”
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 12===
Watch the Overview video on v. 12.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 12a || סַבּ֤וּנִי כִדְבוֹרִ֗ים  || They surrounded me like bees.
|-
| 12b || דֹּ֭עֲכוּ כְּאֵ֣שׁ קוֹצִ֑ים || They burned up like a fire of thorns.
|-
| 12c || בְּשֵׁ֥ם יְ֝הוָ֗ה כִּ֣י אֲמִילַֽם׃ || “With the name of YHWH, yes I shall drive them away!”
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 13===
Watch the Overview video on v. 13.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 13a ||  דַּחֹ֣ה דְחִיתַ֣נִי לִנְפֹּ֑ל  || You pushed me down hard so that I was falling,
|-
| 13b ||  וַ֖יהוָ֣ה עֲזָרָֽנִי׃ || but YHWH helped me.
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 14===
Watch the Overview video on v. 14.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 14a || עָזִּ֣י וְזִמְרָ֣ת יָ֑הּ  || Yah is my strength and song
|-
| 14b ||  וַֽיְהִי־לִ֝֗י לִֽישׁוּעָֽה׃ || and he has become my salvation.
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 15===
Watch the Overview video on v. 15.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 15a ||  ק֤וֹל ׀ רִנָּ֬ה וִֽישׁוּעָ֗ה בְּאָהֳלֵ֥י צַדִּיקִ֑ים  || A voice of rejoicing and salvation is in the tents of the righteous:
|-
| 15b || יְמִ֥ין יְ֝הוָה עֹ֣שָׂה חָֽיִל׃ || “The right hand of YHWH does valiantly!
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 16===
Watch the Overview video on v. 16.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 16a ||  יְמִ֣ין יְ֭הוָה רוֹמֵמָ֑ה  || The right hand of YHWH exalts!
|-
| 16b || יְמִ֥ין יְ֝הוָה עֹ֣שָׂה חָֽיִל׃ || The right hand of YHWH does valiantly!”
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 17===
Watch the Overview video on v. 17.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 17a || לֹֽא אָמ֥וּת כִּי־אֶֽחְיֶ֑ה  || I shall not die, but I shall live,
|-
| 17b ||  וַ֝אֲסַפֵּ֗ר מַֽעֲשֵׂ֥י יָֽהּ׃ || and declare the deeds of Yah.
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 18===
Watch the Overview video on v. 18.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 18a ||  יַסֹּ֣ר יִסְּרַ֣נִּי יָּ֑הּ  || Yah disciplined me hard,
|-
| 18b ||  וְ֝לַמָּ֗וֶת לֹ֣א נְתָנָֽנִי׃ || but he has not given me over to death.
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 19===
Watch the Overview video on v. 19.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 19a || פִּתְחוּ־לִ֥י שַׁעֲרֵי־צֶ֑דֶק  || Open for me the gates of righteousness.
|-
| 19b || אָֽבֹא־בָ֝ם אוֹדֶ֥ה יָֽהּ׃ || I will enter through them. I will give thanks to Yah.
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 20===
Watch the Overview video on v. 20.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 20a || זֶֽה־הַשַּׁ֥עַר לַיהוָ֑ה || This is the gate of YHWH.
|-
| 20b || צַ֝דִּיקִ֗ים יָבֹ֥אוּ בֽוֹ׃ || The righteous enter through it.
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 21===
Watch the Overview video on v. 21.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 21a || א֭וֹדְךָ כִּ֣י עֲנִיתָ֑נִי  || I thank you for you have answered me
|-
| 21b ||  וַתְּהִי־לִ֝֗י לִֽישׁוּעָֽה׃ || and become my salvation.
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 22===
Watch the Overview video on v. 22.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 22a || אֶ֭בֶן מָאֲס֣וּ הַבּוֹנִ֑ים  || The stone that the builders rejected
|-
| 22b || הָ֝יְתָ֗ה לְרֹ֣אשׁ פִּנָּֽה׃ || has become the corner capstone.
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 23===
Watch the Overview video on v. 23.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 23a || מֵאֵ֣ת יְ֭הוָה הָ֣יְתָה זֹּ֑את  || This has been from YHWH;
|-
| 23b ||  הִ֖יא נִפְלָ֣את בְּעֵינֵֽינוּ׃ || it is extraordinary in our eyes!
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 24===
Watch the Overview video on v. 24.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 24a || זֶה־הַ֭יּוֹם עָשָׂ֣ה יְהוָ֑ה  || This is the day that YHWH has made.
|-
| 24b ||  נָגִ֖ילָה וְנִשְׂמְחָ֣ה בֽוֹ׃ || Let us be glad and rejoice in it.
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 25===
Watch the Overview video on v. 25.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 25a || אָנָּ֣א יְ֭הוָה הוֹשִׁ֘יעָ֥ה נָּ֑א  || Please, YHWH, grant salvation, please!
|-
| 25b ||  אָֽנָּ֥א יְ֝הוָ֗ה הַצְלִ֘יחָ֥ה נָּֽא׃ || Please, YHWH, grant success, please!
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 26===
Watch the Overview video on v. 26.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 26a || בָּר֣וּךְ הַ֭בָּא בְּשֵׁ֣ם יְהוָ֑ה  || Blessed is he who comes in the name of YHWH.
|-
| 26b ||  בֵּ֝רַֽכְנוּכֶ֗ם מִבֵּ֥ית יְהוָֽה׃ || We bless you from the house of YHWH.
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
* Translation alternative: "We bless you ''all'' from the house of YHWH."
===v. 27===
Watch the Overview video on v. 27.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 27a || אֵ֤ל ׀ יְהוָה֮ וַיָּ֪אֶר לָ֥נוּ  || YHWH is God and he has made his light shine on us.
|-
| 27b || אִסְרוּ־חַ֥ג בַּעֲבֹתִ֑ים || Bind the festival sacrifice with cords,
|-
| 27c ||  עַד־קַ֝רְנ֗וֹת הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ׃ || up to the horns of the altar!
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 28===
Watch the Overview video on v. 28.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 28a || אֵלִ֣י אַתָּ֣ה וְאוֹדֶ֑ךָּ  || You are my God and I shall give thanks to you.
| 28b ||  אֱ֝לֹהַ֗י אֲרוֹמְמֶֽךָּ׃ || You are my God. I shall exalt you.
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
===v. 29===
Watch the Overview video on v. 29.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! v. !! Hebrew !! Close-but-clear
|-
| 29 || הוֹד֣וּ לַיהוָ֣ה כִּי־ט֑וֹב כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ׃ || Give thanks to YHWH because he is good, because his loyalty is forever.
|}
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
=Legends=
'''Grammatical diagram'''
{{Grammatical Legend}}
'''Shapes and colours on grammatical diagram'''
{{Phrasal Legend}}
'''Expanded paraphrase'''
{{Story Behind}}
=References=
[[Category:Verse-by-Verse Notes]]
[[Chapter::118]]


=References=
=References=
[[Category:Creator Guidelines]]
[[Category:Creator Guidelines]]

Revision as of 04:32, 3 July 2023


Introduction

The purpose of Verse-by-Verse Notes is to present the Layer-by-Layer exegetical materials in a verse-by-verse format. The notes and visuals for Verse-by-Verse Notes represent a compilation of notes and visuals made at the various layers. Thus, creating the Verse-by-Verse Notes requires mostly the (re)organization and editing of existing content and not the creation of new content.[1]

As you create Verse-by-Verse Notes for your psalm, it may be helpful to refer to a prototype: Psalm 8 Verse-by-Verse. It may also be helpful to keep in mind our Personas, particularly Sarah and Moses, for whom the Verse-by-Verse notes are designed.

Steps

1. Setting up the page

  • Log in to the wiki and create a new page for the Verse-by-Verse notes. The page should be titled "Psalm # Verse-by-Verse" and the # sign replaced with the number of your psalm.[2] To create a page with this title, type "Psalm # Verse-by-Verse" into the "Search" bar. When given the option to "Create the page "Psalm # Verse-by-Verse" on this wiki!" click the link ("Psalm # Verse-by-Verse").
  • Copy the following text and paste it onto the new page.[3]
{{Verse-by-Verse Welcome|Chapter=#}}
===v. 1===
Watch the Overview video on v. 1.
v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
1a Paste Hebrew text here. Paste CBC text here.
1b Paste Hebrew text here. Paste CBC text here.
====Expanded Paraphrase====
====Grammatical Diagram====
====Notes====
* 
=Legends=
'''Grammatical diagram'''
{{Grammatical Legend}}
'''Shapes and colours on grammatical diagram'''
{{Phrasal Legend}}
'''Expanded paraphrase'''
{{Story Behind}}
=References=
[[Category:Verse-by-Verse Notes]]
[[Chapter::#]]
  • In the copied/pasted text, replace all # signs with the number of your psalm.
  • Add a new section and new sub-sections for each verse in your psalm (e.g., ===v. 1===). Note that the copied/pasted text includes only one verse ("v. 1"). Copy the "v. 1" heading and all of the content under this heading (including the sub-headings "Expanded Paraphrase", "Grammatical Diagram", and "Notes") and paste it as many times as is necessary to include all the verses in your psalm. Be sure to change to numbers to reflect the correct verse numbers.

2. Expanded paraphrase and grammatical diagram

Each verse should include an expanded paraphrase and a grammatical diagram with phrase-level glosses.

  • For the expanded paraphrase, go to the wiki page "Story Behind the Psalm" for your psalm, click "Edit" to see the page's code, copy the expanded paraphrase of each verse, and paste each copied portion of text into the relevant section on the new page.
  • For the grammatical diagram with phrase-level glosses, go to the wiki page "Semantics" for your psalm, click "Edit" to see the page's code, copy the code for the image under each verse (e.g., [[File:Psalm 8 - v.2 semantics.jpg|class=img-fluid|825px]]) and paste each copied portion of text into the relevant section on the new page.

3. Importing notes

  • Gather all of the notes that you have written for your psalm; copy them and paste them into the relevant sections on the wiki page. Be sure to check your work on each layer for any notes you might have written. These notes might include, for example,
    • Notes on the grammatical diagram
    • Notes on lexical semantics
    • Notes about semantic domains
    • Notes about repeated roots
    • Notes from the phrase-level semantics tables
    • Notes form the verbal semantics table
    • Notes from the Story-Behind assumptions table
    • Notes from the Story-Behind imagery tables
    • Notes from Macrosyntax
    • Notes from the emotional analysis table
    • Notes from the speech act analysis table
    • Notes from poetic structure
    • Notes about poetic features
    • Links to exegetical issues.[4]
  • Each of the imported notes should constitute its own bullet-point in the Verse-by-Verse Notes.
  • Some notes may not be confined to a single verse (e.g., notes about larger poetic structures, patterns in repeated roots, etc.). Choose the most appropriate verse in which to include each note. For example, if the note is about a repeated root, you might include the note in the verse where the root first occurs.

4. Organising notes

How to order the notes

The first step of organizing the notes for each verse is to put them in the proper order. The following two principles should guide the order in which the notes are presented.

  • The order in which the notes are organized should generally follow the order of the text. So, for example, any notes about v. 1a should precede any notes about v. 1b, and any notes about the first word in v. 1a should precede any notes about the second word in v. 1a, etc.
  • The second organizing principle for ordering the notes (subordinated to the first principle) is scope; notes that have a broader scope should precede notes with a narrower scope. So, for example, a note about the location of v. 1 in the larger discourse should precede a note about the emotions of v. 1a, Similarly, a note about the emotions in v. 1a should precede a note about the first phrase in v. 1a, and a note about the first phrase in v. 1a should precede a note about the first word in v. 1a, etc.

When to footnote

Some of the imported material will constitute the main text for the page, and some of it will be included only as footnotes. In general, the following information should be included only as footnotes:

  • Citations of secondary literature and translations (especially ancient translations).
  • Presentation of alternative viewpoints and discussions of what other scholars have said about a particular issue. The main text should succinctly present our views about the psalm and the reasons for them. Any sustained discussion of opposing viewpoints should be included in the footnotes.
  • Technical discussions about fine points of analysis.
  • Large amounts of data.

Consider the following example from Psalm 8. The main text is clear and concise, while the more detailed discussion takes place in footnotes: 'The word translated "fortress" (עֹז) normally means "strength,"[5] but here the verb יִסַּד requires us to understand עֹז as a physical structure ("strength">"stronghold").'[6]

In this example, the detailed discussion in the footnotes was an existing note from lexical semantics, while the short-and-simple main text had to be added during the process of creating the Verse-by-Verse notes.

5. Adding text

You may find that your existing notes are not sufficient for a number of reasons.

  • You may discover that you never addressed a particular exegetical difficulty that ought to be addressed.
  • Your existing notes may be dense and highly technical (best for footnotes), and you may need to write clear and concise summaries of your viewpoints wherein you can footnote your more technical discussions. (See the example from Ps. 8 in the previous section.)

6. Formatting text

  • When a note (i.e., a bullet point) discusses a particular word or phrase, bold that word/phrase the first time it is mentioned in the note. (Bold the CBC text, not the Hebrew text.) This will allow readers to see at a glance which part of the verse is being discussed in a given note.

7. Including other visuals

You may want to include other visuals throughout your notes. For example, a Venn Diagram might accompany a note about the meaning of a word, or a Poetic Features visual might accompany a note about a poetic feature, etc. These other visuals should, by this time, be published to other parts of the wiki, so that you can copy them and paste them to your Verse-by-Verse page. The process for copying these visuals is the same as the process for copying the expanded paraphrase and grammatical diagram described above.

Template for 29 verses

For time-saving purposes, a template is available for 29 verses (based on Ps. 118). Copy and paste the following text into the wiki page:


Back to Psalm 118 overview page.

Welcome to the DRAFT Verse-by-Verse Notes for Psalm 118!

The Verse-by-Verse Notes present scholarly, exegetical materials (from all layers of analysis) in a verse-by-verse format. They often present alternative interpretive options and justification for a preferred interpretation. The Verse-by-Verse Notes are aimed at consultant-level users.

The discussion of each verse of this psalm includes the following items.

  1. A link to the part of the overview video where the verse in question is discussed.
  2. The verse in Hebrew and English.[7]
  3. An expanded paraphrase of the verse.[8]
  4. A grammatical diagram of the verse, which includes glosses for each word and phrase.[9]
  5. A series of notes on the verse, which contain information pertaining to the interpretation of the psalm (e.g., meaning of words and phrases, poetic features, difficult grammatical constructions, etc.).

v. 1

Watch the Overview video on v. 1.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
1 הוֹד֣וּ לַיהוָ֣ה כִּי־ט֑וֹב כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ׃ Give thanks to YHWH because he is good, because his loyalty is forever.

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 2

Watch the Overview video on v. 2.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
2 יֹֽאמַר־נָ֥א יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ׃ Let Israel say, “Because his loyalty is forever”.

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 3

Watch the Overview video on v. 3.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
3 יֹֽאמְרוּ־נָ֥א בֵֽית־אַהֲרֹ֑ן כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ׃ Let the house of Aaron say, “Because his loyalty is forever”.

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 4

Watch the Overview video on v. 4.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
4 יֹֽאמְרוּ־נָ֭א יִרְאֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ׃ Let those who fear YHWH say, “Because his loyalty is forever”.

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 5

Watch the Overview video on v. 5.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
5a מִֽן־הַ֭מֵּצַ֥ר קָרָ֣אתִי יָּ֑הּ From the tight place I cried out to Yah.
5b עָנָ֖נִי בַמֶּרְחָ֣ב יָֽהּ׃ Yah answered me with spaciousness.

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 6

Watch the Overview video on v. 6.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
6a יְהוָ֣ה לִ֭י לֹ֣א אִירָ֑א YHWH is for me. I shall not fear.
6b מַה־יַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה לִ֣י אָדָֽם׃ What can man do to me?

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 7

Watch the Overview video on v. 7.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
7a יְהוָ֣ה לִ֭י בְּעֹזְרָ֑י TYHWH is for me as my helper,
7b וַ֝אֲנִ֗י אֶרְאֶ֥ה בְשֹׂנְאָֽי׃ and I shall look in triumph upon those who hate me.

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 8

Watch the Overview video on v. 8.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
8 ט֗וֹב לַחֲס֥וֹת בַּיהוָ֑ה מִ֝בְּטֹ֗חַ בָּאָדָֽם׃ It is better to take refuge in YHWH than to trust in man.

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 9

Watch the Overview video on v. 9

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
9 ט֗וֹב לַחֲס֥וֹת בַּיהוָ֑ה מִ֝בְּטֹ֗חַ בִּנְדִיבִֽים׃ It is better to take refuge in YHWH than to trust in noblemen.

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 10

Watch the Overview video on v. 10.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
10a כָּל־גּוֹיִ֥ם סְבָב֑וּנִי All nations surrounded me.
10b בְּשֵׁ֥ם יְ֝הוָ֗ה כִּ֣י אֲמִילַֽם׃ “With the name of YHWH, yes I shall drive them away!”

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 11

Watch the Overview video on v. 11.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
11a סַבּ֥וּנִי גַם־סְבָב֑וּנִי They surrounded me, indeed they surrounded me.
11b בְּשֵׁ֥ם יְ֝הוָ֗ה כִּ֣י אֲמִילַֽם׃ “With the name of YHWH, yes I shall drive them away!”

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 12

Watch the Overview video on v. 12.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
12a סַבּ֤וּנִי כִדְבוֹרִ֗ים They surrounded me like bees.
12b דֹּ֭עֲכוּ כְּאֵ֣שׁ קוֹצִ֑ים They burned up like a fire of thorns.
12c בְּשֵׁ֥ם יְ֝הוָ֗ה כִּ֣י אֲמִילַֽם׃ “With the name of YHWH, yes I shall drive them away!”

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 13

Watch the Overview video on v. 13.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
13a דַּחֹ֣ה דְחִיתַ֣נִי לִנְפֹּ֑ל You pushed me down hard so that I was falling,
13b וַ֖יהוָ֣ה עֲזָרָֽנִי׃ but YHWH helped me.

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 14

Watch the Overview video on v. 14.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
14a עָזִּ֣י וְזִמְרָ֣ת יָ֑הּ Yah is my strength and song
14b וַֽיְהִי־לִ֝֗י לִֽישׁוּעָֽה׃ and he has become my salvation.

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 15

Watch the Overview video on v. 15.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
15a ק֤וֹל ׀ רִנָּ֬ה וִֽישׁוּעָ֗ה בְּאָהֳלֵ֥י צַדִּיקִ֑ים A voice of rejoicing and salvation is in the tents of the righteous:
15b יְמִ֥ין יְ֝הוָה עֹ֣שָׂה חָֽיִל׃ “The right hand of YHWH does valiantly!

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 16

Watch the Overview video on v. 16.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
16a יְמִ֣ין יְ֭הוָה רוֹמֵמָ֑ה The right hand of YHWH exalts!
16b יְמִ֥ין יְ֝הוָה עֹ֣שָׂה חָֽיִל׃ The right hand of YHWH does valiantly!”

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 17

Watch the Overview video on v. 17.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
17a לֹֽא אָמ֥וּת כִּי־אֶֽחְיֶ֑ה I shall not die, but I shall live,
17b וַ֝אֲסַפֵּ֗ר מַֽעֲשֵׂ֥י יָֽהּ׃ and declare the deeds of Yah.

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 18

Watch the Overview video on v. 18.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
18a יַסֹּ֣ר יִסְּרַ֣נִּי יָּ֑הּ Yah disciplined me hard,
18b וְ֝לַמָּ֗וֶת לֹ֣א נְתָנָֽנִי׃ but he has not given me over to death.

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 19

Watch the Overview video on v. 19.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
19a פִּתְחוּ־לִ֥י שַׁעֲרֵי־צֶ֑דֶק Open for me the gates of righteousness.
19b אָֽבֹא־בָ֝ם אוֹדֶ֥ה יָֽהּ׃ I will enter through them. I will give thanks to Yah.

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 20

Watch the Overview video on v. 20.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
20a זֶֽה־הַשַּׁ֥עַר לַיהוָ֑ה This is the gate of YHWH.
20b צַ֝דִּיקִ֗ים יָבֹ֥אוּ בֽוֹ׃ The righteous enter through it.

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 21

Watch the Overview video on v. 21.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
21a א֭וֹדְךָ כִּ֣י עֲנִיתָ֑נִי I thank you for you have answered me
21b וַתְּהִי־לִ֝֗י לִֽישׁוּעָֽה׃ and become my salvation.

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 22

Watch the Overview video on v. 22.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
22a אֶ֭בֶן מָאֲס֣וּ הַבּוֹנִ֑ים The stone that the builders rejected
22b הָ֝יְתָ֗ה לְרֹ֣אשׁ פִּנָּֽה׃ has become the corner capstone.

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 23

Watch the Overview video on v. 23.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
23a מֵאֵ֣ת יְ֭הוָה הָ֣יְתָה זֹּ֑את This has been from YHWH;
23b הִ֖יא נִפְלָ֣את בְּעֵינֵֽינוּ׃ it is extraordinary in our eyes!

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 24

Watch the Overview video on v. 24.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
24a זֶה־הַ֭יּוֹם עָשָׂ֣ה יְהוָ֑ה This is the day that YHWH has made.
24b נָגִ֖ילָה וְנִשְׂמְחָ֣ה בֽוֹ׃ Let us be glad and rejoice in it.

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 25

Watch the Overview video on v. 25.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
25a אָנָּ֣א יְ֭הוָה הוֹשִׁ֘יעָ֥ה נָּ֑א Please, YHWH, grant salvation, please!
25b אָֽנָּ֥א יְ֝הוָ֗ה הַצְלִ֘יחָ֥ה נָּֽא׃ Please, YHWH, grant success, please!

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 26

Watch the Overview video on v. 26.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
26a בָּר֣וּךְ הַ֭בָּא בְּשֵׁ֣ם יְהוָ֑ה Blessed is he who comes in the name of YHWH.
26b בֵּ֝רַֽכְנוּכֶ֗ם מִבֵּ֥ית יְהוָֽה׃ We bless you from the house of YHWH.

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

  • Translation alternative: "We bless you all from the house of YHWH."

v. 27

Watch the Overview video on v. 27.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
27a אֵ֤ל ׀ יְהוָה֮ וַיָּ֪אֶר לָ֥נוּ YHWH is God and he has made his light shine on us.
27b אִסְרוּ־חַ֥ג בַּעֲבֹתִ֑ים Bind the festival sacrifice with cords,
27c עַד־קַ֝רְנ֗וֹת הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ׃ up to the horns of the altar!


Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 28

Watch the Overview video on v. 28.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
28a אֵלִ֣י אַתָּ֣ה וְאוֹדֶ֑ךָּ You are my God and I shall give thanks to you. 28b אֱ֝לֹהַ֗י אֲרוֹמְמֶֽךָּ׃ You are my God. I shall exalt you.

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

v. 29

Watch the Overview video on v. 29.

v. Hebrew Close-but-clear
29 הוֹד֣וּ לַיהוָ֣ה כִּי־ט֑וֹב כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ׃ Give thanks to YHWH because he is good, because his loyalty is forever.

Expanded Paraphrase

Grammatical Diagram

Notes

Legends

Grammatical diagram

The grammar layer visually represents the grammar and syntax of each clause. It also displays alternative interpretations of the grammar. (For more information, click "Grammar Legend" below.)

Visualization Description
Legends - Clause.png
The clause is represented by a horizontal line with a vertical line crossing through it, separating the subject and the verb.
Legends - Object.png
The object is indicated by a vertical line that does not cross the horizontal line of the clause. Infinitives and participles may also have objects. If the direct object marker (d.o.m.) is present in the text, it appears in the diagram immediately before the object. If the grammar includes a secondary object, the secondary object will appear after the object, separated by another vertical line that does not cross the horizontal line of the clause.
Legends - Subject complement-1.png
The subject complement follows the verb (often omitted in Hebrew) separated with a line leaning toward the right. It can be a noun, a whole prepositional phrase or an adjective. The later two appear modifying the complement slot.
Legends - Object complement.png
When a noun further describes or renames the object, it is an object complement. The object complement follows the object separated by a line leaning toward the right.
Legends - Construct Chain.png
In a construct chain, the noun in the absolute form modifies the noun in the construct form.
Legends - Participle.png
Participles are indicated in whatever position in the clause they are in with a curved line before the participle. Participles can occur as nominal, where they take the place of a noun, predicate, where they take the place of a verb, or attributive, where they modify a noun or a verb similar to adjectives or adverbs.
Legends - Infinitive.png
Infinitives are indicated by two parallel lines before the infinitive that cross the horizontal line. Infinitive constructs can appear as the verb in an embedded clause. Infinitive absolutes typically appear as an adverbial.
Legends - Subject of Infinitive 1.png
The subject of the infinitive often appears in construct to it. In this situation, the infinitive and subject are diagrammed as a construct chain.
Legends - Object of Infinitive.png
The object of the infinitive is indicated by a vertical line that does not cross the horizontal line of the infinitival clause.
Legends - Modifiers 1.png
Modifiers are represented by a solid diagonal line from the word they modify. They can attach to verbs, adjectives, or nouns. If modifying a verb or adjective, it is an adverb, but if modifying a noun, it is an adjective, a quantifier, or a definite article. If an adverb is modifying a modifier, it is connected to the modifier by a small dashed horizontal line.
Legends - Adverbial.png
Adverbials are indicated by a dashed diagonal line extending to a horizontal line. These are nouns or infinitives that function adverbially (modifying either a verb or a participle), but are not connected by a preposition.
Legends - Prepositional Phrase.png
Prepositional phrases are indicated by a solid diagonal line extending to a horizontal line. The preposition is to the left of the diagonal line and the dependent of the preposition is on the horizontal line. They can modify verbs (adverbial) or nouns (adjectival).
Legends - Embedded Clause 1.png
Embedded clauses are indicated by a "stand" that looks like an upside-down Y. The stand rests in the grammatical position that the clause fulfills. Extending from the top of the stand is a horizontal line for the clause. If introduced by a complementizer, for example כִּי, the complementizer appears before the stand. Embedded clauses can stand in the place of any noun.
Legends - Compound clauses.png
When clauses are joined by a conjunction, they are compound clauses. These clauses are connected by a vertical dotted line. The conjunction is placed next to the dotted line.
Legends - Compound elements 2.png
Within a clause, if two or more parts of speech are compound, these are represented by angled lines reaching to the two compound elements connected by a solid vertical line. If a conjunction is used, the conjunction appears to the left of the vertical line. Almost all parts of speech can be compound.
Legends - Subordinate clause.png
Subordinate clauses are indicated by a dashed line coming from the line dividing the subject from the predicate in the independent clause and leading to the horizontal line of the subordinate clause. The subordinating conjunction appears next to the dashed line.
Legends - Relative Clause 1.png
Relative clauses also have a dashed line, but the line connects the antecedent to the horizontal line of the relative clause. The relative particle appears next to the dashed line.
Legends - Sentence fragment.png
Sentence fragments are represented by a horizontal line with no vertical lines. They are most frequently used in superscriptions to psalms. They are visually similar to discourse particles and vocatives, but most often consist of a noun phrase (that does not refer to a person or people group) or a prepositional phrase.
Legends - Discourse particle&Vocative.png
In the body of the psalm, a horizontal line by itself (with no modifiers or vertical lines) can indicate either a discourse particle or a vocative (if the word is a noun referring to a person or people group). A discourse particle is a conjunction or particle that functions at the discourse level, not at the grammatical level. Vocatives can appear either before or after the clause addressed to them, depending on the word order of the Hebrew.
Legends - Apposition.png
Apposition is indicated by an equal sign equating the two noun phrases. This can occur with a noun in any function in a sentence.
Hebrew text colors
Default preferred text The default preferred reading is represented by a black line. The text of the MT is represented in bold black text.
Dispreferred reading The dispreferred reading is an alternative interpretation of the grammar, represented by a pink line. The text of the MT is represented in bold pink text, while emendations and revocalizations retain their corresponding colors (see below).
Emended text Emended text, text in which the consonants differ from the consonants of the Masoretic text, is represented by bold blue text, whether that reading is preferred or dispreferred.
Revocalized text Revocalized text, text in which only the vowels differ from the vowels of the Masoretic text, is represented by bold purple text, whether that reading is preferred or dispreferred.
(Supplied elided element) Any element that is elided in the Hebrew text is represented by bold gray text in parentheses.
( ) The position of a non-supplied elided element is represented by empty black parentheses.
For example, this would be used in the place of the noun when an adjective functions substantivally or in the place of the antecedent when a relative clause has an implied antecedent.
Gloss text colors
Gloss used in the CBC The gloss used in the Close-but-Clear translation is represented by bold blue text.
Literal gloss >> derived meaning A gloss that shows the more literal meaning as well as the derived figurative meaning is represented in blue text with arrows pointing towards the more figurative meaning. The gloss used in the CBC will be bolded.
Supplied elided element The gloss for a supplied elided element is represented in bold gray text.

Shapes and colours on grammatical diagram

(For more information, click "Phrase-level Legend" below.)

Visualization Description
3 Legends - Prepositional Phrase.png
The prepositional phrase is indicated by a solid green oval.
3 Legends - Construct Chain.png
The construct chain is indicated by a solid yellow oval.
3 Legends - phrase-level ו.png
When the conjunction ו appears at the phrase-level (not clause-level), it is indicated by a solid light purple oval.
3 Legends - Article.png
The article is indicated by a solid blue oval.

Expanded paraphrase

(For more information, click "Expanded Paraphrase Legend" below.)

Expanded paraphrase legend
Close but Clear (CBC) translation The CBC, our close but clear translation of the Hebrew, is represented in bold text.
Assumptions Assumptions which provide background information, presuppositions, entailments, and inferences are represented in italics.

References

118


References

  1. There may be instances, however, where the organization of the material in verse-by-verse format exposes some gap in the existing content. In such a case, it may be necessary to create new content for the Verse-by-Verse Notes.
  2. Use Arabic numerals (e.g., 1, 2, 3, etc.).
  3. In the future, we hope to have the table containing the Hebrew text and Close-but-clear automatically generated for each verse. In the meantime, you will need to manually create a table for each verse. You can click "Edit" on this page to view and copy the code for the table and paste it onto your page, changing the verse numbers and adding or deleting rows as necessary.
  4. Do not discuss exegetical issues at length in the verse-by-verse notes. Instead, briefly describe each issue and include a link to the exegetical issues page where the issue is discussed at length.
  5. So e.g., ESV: "you have established strength."
  6. The prototypical meaning of יסד is "to lay the foundations" of a building or some other structure (SDBH, entry a). It may also mean, similarly, "to found -- to build; to rebuild" (SDBH, entry b). The vast majority of occurrences of the verb, in all verbal stems, may be assigned to one of these two entries. In the piel stem and pual stem, the undergoer of the action is almost always a physical structure: a house (1 Kgs. 5:31; Zech. 4:9; 1 Chron. 6:37), a temple (Hag. 2:18; Zech. 8:9; Ezra 3:6, 10), a city (Josh. 6:26 [Jericho]; 1 Kings. 16:34 [Jericho]; Isa. 14:32 [Zion]), a stone (Isa. 28:16). There is no example of an abstract noun (e.g., "strength") as the undergoer of this action. In just two instances, the verb יסד means "appoint" or "ordain" with reference to installing into office or royal decrees (Esther 1:8 [palace staff] w/על prep.; 1 Chron. 9:22 [gatekeepers]). The first example has the preposition על. The second example clearly refers to the establishment of people, though it still occurs within the domain of construction. Both examples are post-exilic. Since יסד nearly always occurs in the domain of the construction of some building, and since עז can mean “a construction that is strong and able to resist attacks” (SDBH entry b; cf. BDB, HALOT, DCH), it is best to interpret the clause in Ps. 8:3 to mean “you have laid the foundations for a stronghold” or “you have built a stronghold” (so e.g. BDB, NIV, RSV, CSB, GNT?). Since strongholds are designed to “resist attacks”, this interpretation works well with the following phrase: “because of your adversaries, to stop the enemy and avenger.”
  7. The Hebrew text comes from Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible, which presents the text of the Leningrad Codex (the Masoretic text). The English text is our own "Close-but-clear" translation (CBC). The CBC is a “wooden” translation that exists to provide a window into the Hebrew text. It is essentially an interlinear that has been put into English word-order. It is also similar to a “back-translation” (of the Hebrew) often used in Bible translation checking. It is important to remember that the CBC is not intended to be a stand-alone translation, but is rather a tool for using the Layer by Layer materials. The CBC is used as the primary display text (along with the Hebrew) for most analytical visualisations. It is also used as the display text for most videos.
  8. A legend for the expanded paraphrase is available near the bottom of this page, in the section titled "Legends."
  9. Legends for both the grammatical diagram and the shapes and colours on the grammatical diagram are available near the bottom of this page, in the section titled "Legends."