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Verb forms

qatal, participle, weyiqtol, yiqtol, deontic modality, imperative

 DefinitionOccurrencesClusteringIntersectionConnectionsStructure
Psalm 5/Verbsqatal
participle
weyiqtol
yiqtol
deontic modality
imperative		שָׂ֜נֵ֗אתָ (v.6b), מָ֥רוּ (v.11d)
הֽ֭וֹלְלִים (v.6a), פֹּ֥עֲלֵי (v.6b), דֹּבְרֵ֪י (v.7a), פָּת֥וּחַ (v.10c), ח֪וֹסֵי (v.12a), אֹהֲבֵ֥י (v.12d)
וַאֲצַפֶּֽה (v.4b), וְיִשְׂמְח֙וּ (v.12a), וְתָסֵ֣ךְ (v.12c), וְֽיַעְלְצ֥וּ (v.12d)
אֶתְפַּלָּֽל (v.3b), תִּשְׁמַ֣ע (v.4a), אֶֽעֱרָךְ (v.4b), יְגֻרְךָ֣ (v.5b), יִתְיַצְּב֣וּ (v.6a), תְּאַבֵּד֘ (v.7a), יְתָ֨עֵ֥ב (v.7b), אָב֣וֹא (v.8a), אֶשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֥ה (v.8b), יַחֲלִֽיקוּן (v.10d), יִפְּלוּ֘ (v.11b), יְ֭רַנֵּנוּ (v.12b), תְּבָרֵ֪ךְ (v.13a), תַּעְטְרֶֽנּוּ (v.13b)
הַאֲזִ֥ינָה (v.2a), בִּ֣ינָה (v.2b), הַקְשִׁ֤יבָה (v.3a), נְחֵ֬נִי (v.9a), הַושַׁ֖ר (v.9b), הַֽאֲשִׁימֵ֙ם (v.11a), יִפְּלוּ֘ (v.11b), הַדִּיחֵ֑מוֹ (v.11c), וְיִשְׂמְח֙וּ (v.12a), יְ֭רַנֵּנוּ (v.12b?), וְֽיַעְלְצ֥וּ (v.12d?)
הַאֲזִ֥ינָה (v.2a), בִּ֣ינָה (v.2b), הַקְשִׁ֤יבָה (v.3a), נְחֵ֬נִי (v.9a), הַושַׁ֖ר (v.9b), הַֽאֲשִׁימֵ֙ם (v.11a), הַדִּיחֵ֑מוֹ (v.11c)		vv.6-7; v.12
v.12(3x)
vv.4-8; v.13
vv.2-3a; v.9ab; vv.11-12
vv.2-3a; v.9ab; v.11ac		participles in vv.6-7 (referring to the wicked) contrasted with those in v.12 (referring to the righteous); forms disjunctive parallel within tetracolon (v.12)
forms disjunctive parallel within tetracolon (v.12ad)		gives cohesion to section 2.2 (vv.5-7) and 3.3 (v.12)
gives cohesion to section 3.3 (forms tetracolon)
gives cohesion to section 2 (vv.4-8)
gives cohesion to sections 1 (vv.2-3) and 3 (vv.9-12); anaphora (v.2a; v.9a)


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Person, gender and number

1cs, 2ms

 DefinitionOccurrencesClusteringIntersectionConnectionsStructure
Psalm 5/Verbs1cs
2ms		vv.3-4, v.8; absent in the second half of the psalm (vv.9-13)
vv.2-3a, v.9, v.13		gives cohesion to section 2 (vv.4-8)
each major section of the psalm opens with 2ms verbs (anaphora); the psalm is framed by 2ms verbs (inclusio)


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Paragogic letters

paragogic nun, paragogic he

 DefinitionOccurrencesClusteringIntersectionConnectionsStructure
Psalm 5/Verbsparagogic nun
paragogic he		יַחֲלִֽיקוּן (v.10d)
הַאֲזִ֥ינָה (v.2a), בִּ֣ינָה (v.2b), הַקְשִׁ֤יבָה (v.3a)		vv.2-3forms parallelism (v.2ab)opens the psalm, gives cohesion to section 1 (vv.2-3)


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Long wayyiqtol

 DefinitionOccurrencesClusteringIntersectionConnectionsStructure
Psalm 5/Verbs


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Verb stem types (binyanim)

Qal passive, Hishtaphel, Hithpael, Hiphil, Piel, Qal, Verb stem types (binyanim)

 DefinitionOccurrencesClusteringIntersectionConnectionsStructure
Psalm 5/VerbsQal passive
Hishtaphel
Hithpael
Hiphil
Piel
Qal
Verb stem types (binyanim)		פָּת֥וּחַ (v.10c)
אֶשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֥ה (v.8b)
אֶתְפַּלָּֽל (v.3b), יִתְיַצְּב֣וּ (v.6a)
הַאֲזִ֥ינָה (v.2a), הַקְשִׁ֤יבָה (v.3a), הַושַׁ֖ר (v.9b), יַחֲלִֽיקוּן (v.10d), הַֽאֲשִׁימֵ֙ם (v.11a), הַדִּיחֵ֑מוֹ (v.11c), וְתָסֵ֣ךְ (v.12c)
שַׁוְעִ֗י (v.3a), וַאֲצַפֶּֽה (v.4b), תְּאַבֵּד֘ (v.7a), יְתָ֨עֵ֥ב (v.7b), יְ֭רַנֵּנוּ (v.12b), תְּבָרֵ֪ךְ (v.13a), תעטרנו (v.13b? [see discussion below])
בִּ֣ינָה (v.2b), תִּשְׁמַ֣ע (v.4a), אֶֽעֱרָךְ (v.4b), יְגֻרְךָ֣ (v.5b), הֽ֭וֹלְלִים (v.6a), שָׂ֜נֵ֗אתָ (v.6b), פֹּ֥עֲלֵי (v.6b), דֹּבְרֵ֪י (v.7a), אָב֣וֹא (v.8a), נְחֵ֬נִי (v.9a), יִפְּלוּ֘ (v.11b), מָ֥רוּ (v.11d), וְיִשְׂמְח֙וּ (v.12a), ח֪וֹסֵי (v.12a), וְֽיַעְלְצ֥וּ (v.12d), אֹהֲבֵ֥י (v.12d), תַּעְטְרֶֽנּוּ (v.13b)		section 1 (vv.2-3); section 3 (vv.9-12); absent sections 2 (vv.5-8) and 4 (v.13)
v.7ab, v.13ab?		disjunctive parallel within tetracolon (v.11ac)
parallel lines (v.7ab, v.13ab?); parallel 2ms Piel yiqtol verbs may form a connection between v.7 (what Yahweh does to the wicked) and v.13 (what Yahweh does to the righteous)		gives cohesion to section 1 (vv.2-3) and section 3 (vv.9-12), and, by its absence, to sections 2 (vv.5-8) and 4 (v.13)
epiphora (v.7, v.13?)

Verb stem types are more varied in Psalm 5 than in any previous psalm. There are numerous Hiphil (7) and Piel (6 or 7) verbs as well as Hithpael (2), Hishtaphel (1), and Qal Passive (1). In fact, according to the MT, there are as many Qal forms (17) as non-Qal forms (17).

See below on variants for a discussion of the stem of תעטרנו in v.13b.

Verb Morphology
Verse Verb Stem Conjugation Person Gender Number Paragogic Suffix Pronominal Suffix Root
2a הַאֲזִ֥ינָה H impv 2 m s ה אזן
2b בִּ֣ינָה Q impv 2 m s ה בין
3a הַקְשִׁ֤יבָה H impv 2 m s ה קשׁב
שַׁוְעִ֗י D inf cstr 1cs שׁוע
3b אֶתְפַּלָּֽל HtD yiqtol 1 c s פלל
4a תִּשְׁמַ֣ע Q yiqtol 2 m s שׁמע
4b אֶֽעֱרָךְ Q yiqtol 1 c s ערך
וַאֲצַפֶּֽה D weyiqtol 1 c s צפה
5b יְגֻרְךָ֣ Q yiqtol 3 m s 2ms גור
6a יִתְיַצְּב֣וּ HtD yiqtol 3 m p יצב
הֽ֭וֹלְלִים Q ptc m p הלל
6b שָׂ֜נֵ֗אתָ Q qatal 2 m s שׂנא
פֹּ֥עֲלֵי Q ptc m p פעל
7a תְּאַבֵּד֘ D yiqtol 2 m s אבד
דֹּבְרֵ֪י Q ptc m p דבר
7b יְתָ֨עֵ֥ב D yiqtol 3 m s תעב
8a אָב֣וֹא Q yiqtol 1 c s בוא
8b אֶשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֥ה Hsht yiqtol 1 c s חוה
9a נְחֵ֬נִי Q impv 2 m s 1cs נחה
9b הַושַׁ֖ר H impv 2 m s ישׁר
10c פָּת֥וּחַ Qp ptc m s פתח
10d יַחֲלִֽיקוּן H yiqtol 3 m p ן חלק
11a ַֽהַֽאֲשִׁימֵ֙ם H impv 2 m s 3mp אשׁם
11b יִפְּלוּ֘ Q yiqtol 3 m p נפל
11c הַדִּיחֵ֑מוֹ H impv 2 m s 3mp (מוֹ) נדח
11d מָ֥רוּ Q qatal 3 c p מרה
12a וְיִשְׂמְח֙וּ Q weyiqtol 3 m p שׂמח
ח֪וֹסֵי Q ptc m p חוס
12b יְ֭רַנֵּנוּ D yiqtol 3 m p רנן
12c וְתָסֵ֣ךְ H weyiqtol 2 m s סכך
12d וְֽיַעְלְצ֥וּ Q weyiqtol 3 m p עלץ
אֹהֲבֵ֥י Q ptc m p אהב
13a תְּבָרֵ֪ךְ D yiqtol 2 m s ברך
13b תַּעְטְרֶֽנּוּ Q yiqtol 2 m s 3ms (נּ) עטר

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Other

Other

Verbless Clauses

  • v.5a
  • 10a
  • 10b
  • 10c

The negated verbless clauses in v.5 and v.10 are parallel in the macrostructure of the psalm. Within the two parallel sections that constitute the body of the psalm (section 2: vv.4-8; section 3: vv.9-12), v.5a opens section 2.2, and v.10a opens section 3.2. Verbless Clauses

  • v.5a
  • 10a
  • 10b
  • 10c

The negated verbless clauses in v.5 and v.10 are parallel in the macrostructure of the psalm. Within the two parallel sections that constitute the body of the psalm (section 2: vv.4-8; section 3: vv.9-12), v.5a opens section 2.2, and v.10a opens section 3.2.

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Bibliography

Include here any bibliography you find particularly helpful for this Psalm. If you drag and drop from Zotero, formatted for Wikipedia Citation, then it will be fully searchable. --> Click to edit for chapter 5: Phonology / Lexical Semantics / Verbs / Nouns / Particles / Figurative / Context / Mathematical / Variants / Summary


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