Psalm 19/Notes/Lexical.Vv. 5–6a.334810

• On קום, see The Text and Meaning of Ps 19:5a.
• The earth (ארץ) is "the earth as opposed to the sky" (SDBH). Together, 'earth' (v. 5) and 'sky' (v. 2) cover all of creation (cf. Gen 1:1), such that YHWH's glory resonates throughout the whole of creation.

• The word words (מלה) is, like חוה in v. 3, an Aramaic loan word (HALOT) (cf. Ps 139:4; 2 Sam 23:2), synonymous with דבר (e.g., Tg Pss and Peshitta translate דברים in v. 4 with מלי/מלא).
• The word world (תבל) is a poetic synonym of ארץ (e.g., Ps 24:1) and "a common noun that has acquired the value of a proper noun" (BHRG 216). It refers to "the earth as opposed to the sky, with special focus on the area that is inhabited by humans" (SDBH). English translations tend to use "earth//world" (KJV, ESV, NIV, NLT, CEV) or "world//earth" (GNT).
• The tent (אֹהֶל) or 'canopy' (cf. Joel 2:16) is hyponymous to אהל in the previous verse (cf. Waltke 2010, 363). It refers to a "temporary construction made of cloth; ► erected for a newly married couple" (SDBH). It is not clear, however, "whether the canopy was a special tent where the marriage was consummated, or whether it was a protective covering over the wedding ceremony itself" (TWOT #710). The first option seems more likely both in light of the parallel with חֵדֶר in Joel 2:16 and in light of the fact that it would make more sense for the sun to be 'going out' in the morning. Hence, "In Psalm 19:5 the 'shelter' refers to the bridegroom's chamber where presumably he takes his bride to consummate their marriage" (Waltke 2010, 363). So English translations: "chamber" (NIV, ESV, NET); cf. HALOT "nuptial chamber", DCH "bridal chamber."
• Bridegroom (חָתָן): "= man who is about to be married or has just been married; ≈ often associated with joy" (SDBH). In this case (since he is coming out of 'his canopy' [see below]), the bridegroom has just recently been married. So NLT: "It bursts forth like a radiant bridegroom after his wedding."