Psalm 1/Grammar
From Psalms: Layer by Layer
V. 1
אַ֥שְֽׁרֵי־הָאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֤ר ׀ לֹ֥א הָלַךְ֮ בַּעֲצַ֪ת רְשָׁ֫עִ֥ים וּבְדֶ֣רֶךְ חַ֭טָּאִים לֹ֥א עָמָ֑ד וּבְמוֹשַׁ֥ב לֵ֝צִ֗ים לֹ֣א יָשָֽׁב׃
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v. 2
כִּ֤י אִ֥ם בְּתוֹרַ֥ת יְהוָ֗ה חֶ֫פְצ֥וֹ וּֽבְתוֹרָת֥וֹ יֶהְגֶּ֗ה יוֹמָ֥ם וָלָֽיְלָה׃
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SimpleGrammar
DiscourseUnit [v. 2]
Fragment
conjunction: כִּי אִם Instead
Fragment
ClauseCluster
Clause
Subject
ConstructChain <gloss="his delight">
noun: חֶפְצ delight
suffix-pronoun: וֹ him
Predicate
verb: is
Complement
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בְּ in
Object
ConstructChain <gloss="YHWH’s instruction">
noun: תוֹרַת instruction
noun: יְהוָה YHWH
Conjunction
conjunction: וּ and
Clause
Predicate
verb: יֶהְגֶּה he rehearses
Adverbial
adverb: יוֹמָם day
Conjunction
conjunction: וָ and
adverb: לָיְלָה night
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase <gloss="his instruction">
Preposition
preposition: בְ in
Object
ConstructChain
noun: תוֹרָת instruction
suffix-pronoun: וֹ him
v. 3
וְֽהָיָ֗ה כְּעֵץ֮ שָׁת֪וּל עַֽל־פַּלְגֵ֫י מָ֥יִם אֲשֶׁ֤ר פִּרְי֨וֹ ׀ יִתֵּ֬ן בְּעִתּ֗וֹ וְעָלֵ֥הוּ לֹֽא־יִבּ֑וֹל וְכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁר־יַעֲשֶׂ֣ה יַצְלִֽיחַ׃
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SimpleGrammar
DiscourseUnit [v. 3]
Fragment
particle: וְ and
Fragment
ClauseCluster
Clause
Predicate
verb: הָיָה he will become
Complement
Adjectival
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: כְּ like
Object
Nominal
noun: עֵץ a tree
Adjectival
Clause
Predicate
verb-participle: שָׁתוּל transplanted
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: עַל on >> beside
Object
ConstructChain
noun: פַּלְגֵי channels
noun: מָיִם water
RelativeClause
RelativeParticle
particle: אֲשֶׁר that
ClauseCluster
Clause
Subject <located="relative clause head">
Predicate
verb: יִתֵּן gives
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בְּ in
Object
ConstructChain <gloss="its season"">
noun: עִתּ season
suffix-pronoun: וֹ it
Object
ConstructChain <gloss="its fruit">
noun: פִּרְי fruit
suffix-pronoun: וֹ it
Conjunction
conjunction: וְ and
Clause
Subject
ConstructChain <gloss="its leaves">
noun: עָלֵה leaf >> leaves
suffix-pronoun: וּ it
Predicate
verb: יִבּוֹל withers
Adverbial
particle: לֹא not
Conjunction <status="alternative">
conjunction: וְ and <status="alternative">
Clause <status="alternative">
Predicate
verb: יַצְלִיחַ it causes to flourish
Object
Nominal
quantifier: כֹל all
RelativeClause
RelativeParticle
particle: אֲשֶׁר that
Clause
Predicate
verb: יַעֲשֶׂה it produces
Object <located="relative clause head">
Conjunction
conjunction: וְ and
Clause
Subject <status="alternative">
Nominal
quantifier: כֹל all
RelativeClause
RelativeParticle
particle: אֲשֶׁר that
Clause
Predicate
verb: יַעֲשֶׂה he does
Object <located="relative clause head">
Predicate
verb: יַצְלִיחַ he will cause to flourish
verb: will flourish <status="alternative">
Object
Nominal
quantifier: כֹל all
RelativeClause
RelativeParticle
particle: אֲשֶׁר that
Clause
Predicate
verb: יַעֲשֶׂה he does
Object <located="relative clause head">
V. 4
לֹא־כֵ֥ן הָרְשָׁעִ֑ים כִּ֥י אִם־כַּ֝מֹּ֗ץ אֲֽשֶׁר־תִּדְּפֶ֥נּוּ רֽוּחַ׃
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SimpleGrammar
DiscourseUnit [v. 4]
Fragment
Clause
Subject
Nominal
article: הָ the
adjective: רְשָׁעִים wicked
Predicate
Predicate
Adverbial
particle: לֹא not
Adverbial
adverb: כֵן so
Fragment <status="alternative">
Clause
Predicate
Predicate
Adverbial
particle: לֹא not <status="alternative emendation">
Adverbial
adverb: כֵן so <status="alternative emendation">
Fragment
Conjunction
conjunction: כִּי אִם Instead
Fragment
Clause
Predicate
verb: they will be
Complement
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: כַּ like
Object
article: ה the <status="elided">
noun: מֹּץ chaff
RelativeClause
RelativeParticle
particle: אֲשֶׁר that
Clause
Subject
noun: רוּחַ wind
Predicate
verb: תִּדְּפֶנּ drives away
Object <located="relative clause head">
suffix-pronoun: וּ it
V. 5
עַל־כֵּ֤ן ׀ לֹא־יָקֻ֣מוּ רְ֭שָׁעִים בַּמִּשְׁפָּ֑ט וְ֝חַטָּאִ֗ים בַּעֲדַ֥ת צַדִּיקִֽים׃
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SimpleGrammar
DiscourseUnit [v. 5]
Fragment
conjunction: עַל־כֵּן Therefore
Fragment
ClauseCluster
Clause
Subject
Nominal
adjective: רְשָׁעִים wicked
Predicate
verb: יָקֻמוּ will stand firm
Adverbial
particle: לֹא not
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בַּ in
Object
article: ה (the) <status="elided">
noun: מִּשְׁפָּט judgment
Conjunction
conjunction: וְ and
Clause
Subject
Nominal
adjective: חַטָּאִים sinful
Predicate
verb: יָקֻמוּ will stand <status="elided">
adverb: לֹא not <status="elided">
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בַּ in
Object
ConstructChain <gloss="the group of righteous people">
Nominal
noun: עֲדַת group
Nominal
adjective: צַדִּיקִים righteous
V. 6
כִּֽי־יוֹדֵ֣עַ יְ֭הוָה דֶּ֣רֶךְ צַדִּיקִ֑ים וְדֶ֖רֶךְ רְשָׁעִ֣ים תֹּאבֵֽד׃
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SimpleGrammar
DiscourseUnit [v. 6]
Fragment
conjunction: כִּי For
Fragment
ClauseCluster
Clause
Subject
noun: יְהוָה YHWH
Predicate
verb-participle: יוֹדֵעַ cares for
Object
ConstructChain <gloss="the way of righteous people">
noun: דֶּרֶךְ way
Nominal
adjective: צַדִּיקִים righteous
Conjunction
conjunction: וְ and
Clause
Subject
ConstructChain <gloss="the way of wicked people">
noun: דֶרֶךְ way
Nominal
adjective: רְשָׁעִים wicked
Predicate
verb: תֹּאבֵד will come to an end