From Psalms: Layer by Layer
YSR/Psa 118.18
| Verb
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יִסְּרַ֣נִּי
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| Reference
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Psalm 118.18
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| Hebrew Text
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יַסֹּ֣ר יִסְּרַ֣נִּי יָּ֑הּ וְ֝לַמָּ֗וֶת לֹ֣א נְתָנָֽנִי׃
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| English Text
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| Binyan
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Piel
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| Conjugation
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qatal
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| Participle Type
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| Notes
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Grammatical Relations
| Subject
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יָּ֑הּ Yahweh
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| Object
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ַ֣נִּי ‘Me’ (viz., The Psalmist)
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| Oblique
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| Adjunct
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יַסֹּ֣ר ‘Discipline’
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| Adjunct 2
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| Adjunct 3
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| Notes
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Taken here as an ‘adverbial specifier par excellence’ (Van der Merwe et. al 2017 §20.2.1)
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Marking of Grammatical Relations
| Subject
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Noun
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| Object
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Object Suffix
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| Oblique
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| Adjunct
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Inf. Absolute
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| Adjunct 2
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| Adjunct 3
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Semantic Roles
| Agent
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יָּ֑הּ Yahweh
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| Patient
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נִּי ‘Me’ (viz., The Psalmist)
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| Experiencer
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| Stimulus
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| Theme
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| Instrument
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| Source
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| Location
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| Manner
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| Cause
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| Comitative
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| Simile
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| Time
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| Goal
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| Notes
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The function of יַסֹּ֣ר here, semantically is to ‘[confirm] the factuality of an event’ (Van der Merwe et. al. 2017, 179). In the previous verse and in the parallel line of this verse, the psalmist stresses the fact that he has not been given unto death. Instead, God has, in fact, disciplined the psalmist.
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Marking of Semantic Roles
| Agent
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Nounַ֣
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| Patient
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Object Suffix
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| Experiencer
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| Stimulus
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| Theme
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| Instrument
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| Source
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| Location
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| Manner
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| Cause
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| Comitative
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| Simile
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| Goal
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| Time
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Situation Aspect & Type
| Situation Type
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accomplishment
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| Viewpoint Aspect
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| Phasal Aspect
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| Notes
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The viewpoint aspect here is probably perfect. ‘God has disciplined me and not given me over unto death. [Now that I am in this state, therefore] open for me the gates...’
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Domains
| Lexical Domain(s)
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| Contextual Domain(s)
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| Affective Domain(s)
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Joy
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| Notes
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SDBH lists this instance as Chastise (Lex) -- Authority; Recompense; Behavior (Context). But the context here is one of rejoicing that God will save the psalmist instead of giving him over to death.
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