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Chiasms +

Discussion

'''v.2ab''' (abc // b'a') {| |- | {| |-| cיְהוָ֗ה || bהַאֲזִ֥ינָה || aאֲמָרַ֖י |-| || a'הֲגִֽיגִי || b'בִּ֣ינָה |}Chiastic Correspondences:*syntactic (O V // V O)*morphological (m.n.1csx / ms impv. // ms impv. / m.n.1csx)*phonological correspondence between b (הַאֲזִ֥ינָה) and b' (בִּ֣ינָה)'''v.3ab''' (abc // b'a'){| |-| cמַלְכִּ֥י וֵאלֹהָ֑י || bלְק֬וֹל שַׁוְעִ֗י || aהַקְשִׁ֤יבָה|-| || a'אֶתְפַּלָּֽל || b'כִּֽי־אֵ֜לֶ֗יךָ|}Chiastic Correspondences:*grammatical (V Mpp // Mpp V)'''v.6ab''' (abc // c'b'){| |-| cלְנֶ֣גֶד עֵינֶ֑יךָ || bהֽ֭וֹלְלִים || aלֹֽא־יִתְיַצְּב֣וּ|-| b'כָּל־פֹּ֥עֲלֵי אָֽוֶן׃ || c'שָׂ֜נֵ֗אתָ |||}Chiastic Correspondences:*semantic (evildoers / Yahweh // Yahweh / evildoers)*phonological correspondence between b (עֵינֶ֑יךָ) and b' (שָׂ֜נֵ֗אתָ)'''v.7ab''' (ab // b'a'){| |-| bדֹּבְרֵ֪י כָ֫זָ֥ב || aתְּאַבֵּד֘|-| a'יְתָ֨עֵ֥ב׀ יְהוָֽה || b'אִישׁ־דָּמִ֥ים וּמִרְמָ֗ה|}Chiastic Correspondences:*syntactic (V O // O V)*morphological (''piel yiqtol'' verb / bound phrase // bound phrase / ''piel yiqtol'' verb)*strengthened by phonological correspondences: alliteration of labials in b and b'; both verbs (a, a') have dental + guttural + labial with the same basic vowel pattern'''v.8ab''' (abc//b'c'a'){| |-| || cבֵיתֶ֑ךָ || bאָב֣וֹא || aבְּרֹ֣ב חַ֭סְדְּךָ || וַאֲנִ֗י|-| a'בְּיִרְאָתֶֽךָ׃ || c'אֶל־הֵֽיכַל־קָ֜דְשְׁךָ֗ || b'אֶשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֥ה || |||}Chiastic Correspondences:*syntactic (Spn Mב V M // V M Mב)*morphological (ב-np-2msx / ''qal yiqtol'' 1cs / ms.noun-2msx // ''qal yiqtol'' 1cs / ms.np-2msx / ב-noun-2msx)*semantic (abstract noun / motion verb / Yahweh's temple // motion verb / Yahweh's temple / abstract noun)'''v.9ab''' (abc // c'b'){| |-| cלְמַ֥עַן שׁוֹרְרָ֑י || bנְחֵ֬נִי בְצִדְקָתֶ֗ךָ || aיְהוָ֤ה׀|-| b'דַּרְכֶּֽךָ׃ || c'הַושַׁ֖ר לְפָנַ֣י|}Chiastic Correspondences:*Phonological correspondences between c and c' (alliteration of שׁ + ר; rhyming of ''ay''-diphthong) and b and b' (ךָ ending)*Semantic correspondence between b and b' (semantic domain of pathway; pathway as a figure for righteousness [בְצִדְקָתֶ֗ךָ = דַּרְכֶּֽךָ])'''v.10abcd''' (ab // b'a')These lines are interconnected by a number of complementary patterns, some of which are chiastic. The tetracolon as a whole forms a single ab//b'a' chiasm based on phonological and semantic correspondences (see below). Within this larger chiasm, there are smaller chiasms based on syntax (ab//ba//ab//ba) as the subject/predicate word order alternates. In addition to these chiastic patterns, there is a non-chiastic (abab) pattern that connects these verses as the predicates alternate grammatical number (sg/pl/sg/pl).{| |-| Sub נְכוֹנָה֘|| Predכִּ֤י אֵ֪ין בְּפִ֡יהוּ || '''A''' || singular|-| Predהַ֫וּ֥וֹת|| Subקִרְבָּ֪ם || '''B''' || plural|-| Sub גְּרוֹנָ֑ם || Predקֶֽבֶר־פָּת֥וּחַ || '''B'''' || singular|-| Predיַחֲלִֽיקוּן׃|| Subלְ֜שׁוֹנָ֗ם || '''A'''' || plural|}Chiastic Correspondences:*The clearest correspondence is that between 10b and 10c, forged by the phonological recursion of the consonants ק–ר–ב (*the same as בקר, cf. v.4ab). *The connection between 10bc is also semantic: "open grave" (קבר פתוח) corresponds to "chasm" (הוה), and "throat" (גרון) corresponds to "insides" (קרב).*10a and 10d also correspond semantically: steadiness (נכונה) and slipperiness (חלק) are opposites, while mouth (פה) and tongue (לשׁון) are clearly associated.'''v.11bc''' (ab // b'a')The chiasm in v.11 is limited to the two middle lines (11bc). The (sg/pl/sg/pl) predicate pattern of the previous verse continues in this verse as well..{| |-| אֱֽלֹהִ֗ים|| הַֽאֲשִׁימֵ֙ם׀ || singular|-| b מִֽמֹּעֲצ֪וֹתֵ֫יהֶ֥ם|| aיִפְּלוּ֘ || plural|-| a' הַדִּיחֵ֑מוֹ || b'בְּרֹ֣ב פִּ֭שְׁעֵיהֶם || singular|-| בָֽךְ׃|| כִּי־מָ֥רוּ || plural|}Chiastic Correspondences:*11bc: syntactic (V / Mpp // Mpp V)*11bc: morphological (verb / prep+noun+3msx // pp+np+3msx / verb)*11bc: semantic (modal verb involving destruction / "schemes" // "evil-doings" / modal verb involving destruction)'''v.12abcd''' (ab // b'a')As in v.10abcd, so this tetracolon forms a single ab//b'a' chiasm, within which the middle lines (12bc) form a smaller chiasm.{| |-| bכָל־ח֪וֹסֵי בָ֡ךְ|| aוְיִשְׂמְח֙וּ || '''A''' |-| aיְ֭רַנֵּנוּ|| cלְעוֹלָ֣ם || '''B''' |-| c עָלֵ֑ימוֹ|| aוְתָסֵ֣ךְ || '''B'''' |-| bאֹהֲבֵ֥י שְׁמֶֽךָ׃|| aוְֽיַעְלְצ֥וּ בְ֜ךָ֗ || '''A''''|}Chiastic Correspondences:*Grammatical correspondence between 12a and 12d: both have Verb (''qal weyiqtol'') + Subject (''qal'' ptc construct chain)*Phonological correspondence between 12a and 12d: בָךְ//בְךָ*Phonological correspondence between 12b and 12c: לעולם // עלימו; each line is two words.*12bc form a chiasm based on grammatical and phonological features: M (לעולם) V (''yiqtol'') // V (''yiqtol'') M (עלימו)his tetracolon forms a single ab//b'a' chiasm, within which the middle lines (12bc) form a smaller chiasm. {| |- | bכָל־ח֪וֹסֵי בָ֡ךְ|| aוְיִשְׂמְח֙וּ || '''A''' |- | aיְ֭רַנֵּנוּ|| cלְעוֹלָ֣ם || '''B''' |- | c עָלֵ֑ימוֹ|| aוְתָסֵ֣ךְ || '''B'''' |- | bאֹהֲבֵ֥י שְׁמֶֽךָ׃|| aוְֽיַעְלְצ֥וּ בְ֜ךָ֗ || '''A'''' |} Chiastic Correspondences: *Grammatical correspondence between 12a and 12d: both have Verb (''qal weyiqtol'') + Subject (''qal'' ptc construct chain) *Phonological correspondence between 12a and 12d: בָךְ//בְךָ *Phonological correspondence between 12b and 12c: לעולם // עלימו; each line is two words. *12bc form a chiasm based on grammatical and phonological features: M (לעולם) V (''yiqtol'') // V (''yiqtol'') M (עלימו)

Feature Index

8 +

Tableless

True +

Content properties

Psalm 5/Mathematical +

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