Psalm 78/Notes/Grammar.V. 2.200143

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If there was any doubt that מִנִּי־קֶֽדֶם modifies חִ֝יד֗וֹת, both the Syr. and TgPss provides the relative particle "which are from of old."[1]

Despite the gender disagreement, under this alternative reading of the relative clause in v. 3, חִ֝יד֗וֹת would be best read as the antecedent of the suffix on וַנֵּדָעֵ֑ם.

The second alternative position is in apposition to the "riddles of old," as a headless relative clause. Such an interpretation is illustrated by the CSB: "I will speak mysteries from the past—things we have heard and known and that our ancestors have passed down to us" (cf. ESV, NABRE, NIV, NJPS).

  1. ↑ These read ܕܡܢ ܩܕܝܡ and דמן לקדמין, respectively; see also Symmachus' ἀναβλύσω προβλήματα ἀρχαῖα "I will gush forth ancient problems." The Syr. also, quite inexplicably, provides the conjunction and mirative particle ܗܐ ܓܝܪ ("for look"; Taylor 2020, 311) at the beginning of this verse.