Psalm 78/Diagrams/Placeholders/64
v. 64 - Preferred
(Preferred, but not confirmed); edit diagram
SimpleGrammar
DiscourseUnit [v. 64]
Fragment
ClauseCluster
Clause
Subject
ConstructChain <gloss="his priests">
noun: כֹּהֲנָי priests
suffix-pronoun: ו him
Predicate
verb: נָפָלוּ fell
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בַּ by
Object
Nominal
article: ה the <status="elided">
noun: חֶרֶב sword
Conjunction
conjunction: וְ and
Clause
Subject
ConstructChain <gloss="his widows">
noun: אַלְמְנֹתָי widows
suffix-pronoun: ו him
Predicate
verb: תִבְכֶּינָה could mourn
verb: תִבָּכֶינָה were mourned <status="alternative revocalization">
adverb: לֹא not
DiscourseUnit [v. 64]
Fragment
ClauseCluster
Clause
Subject
ConstructChain <gloss="his priests">
noun: כֹּהֲנָי priests
suffix-pronoun: ו him
Predicate
verb: נָפָלוּ fell
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בַּ by
Object
Nominal
article: ה the <status="elided">
noun: חֶרֶב sword
Conjunction
conjunction: וְ and
Clause
Subject
ConstructChain <gloss="his widows">
noun: אַלְמְנֹתָי widows
suffix-pronoun: ו him
Predicate
verb: תִבְכֶּינָה could mourn
verb: תִבָּכֶינָה were mourned <status="alternative revocalization">
adverb: לֹא not
{{Diagram/Display | Chapter=78|DiagramID=v-64-None }}
Grammar Notes
Note for v. 64
v. 64 – For the MT's qal תִבְכֶּֽינָה, both the LXX (= Gall.) and Syr. have the passive "be lamented."[1] The active is read in Jerome's Hebr., Symmachus, and most manuscripts of TgPs.[2] The niphal of בכה is never attested elsewhere, while the active verb makes most sense of the historical context of the wife of Phinehas in 1 Sam 4:19-22, who shows no signs of weeping.
Note for vv. 63-64
v. 63-64 – As in v. 28, there is no Hebrew manuscript evidence for textual variation between the MT's בַּחוּרָ֥יו ... וּ֝בְתוּלֹתָ֗יו ... כֹּ֭הֲנָיו ... וְ֝אַלְמְנֹתָ֗יו and a 3pl suffix, such that the LXX's (cf. Gall.) νεανίσκους αὐτῶν ... αἱ παρθένοι αὐτῶν ... ἱερεῖς αὐτῶν ... αἱ χῆραι αὐτῶν ("their young men ... their young women ... their priests ... their widows" = Syr. ܠܓܕܘ̈ܕܝܗܘܢ ... ܒܬ̈ܘܠܬܗܘܢ ... ܟܗ̈ܢܝܗܘܢ ... ܐܪ̈ܡܠܬܗܘܢ) seems to be purely interpretive regarding the expected participant's antecedent. Although עַמּ֑וֹ (v. 62) is a plausible antecedent, elsewhere in the psalm the collective reference is not used, but plural anaphora (see vv. 1, 52, 71-72). Just like in v. 28, Jerome's Hebr. and TgPss follow the MT's singular suffix.
Lexical Notes
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Phrase-Level
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Verbal Notes
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Note for v. 64
In light of the discourse discontinuity beginning in the following verse (see the exegetical issue <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://psalms.scriptura.org/w/The_Identity_of_the_"Adversaries"_in_Ps_78:66">https://psalms.scriptura.org/w/The_Identity_of_the_"Adversaries"_in_Ps_78:66</a>) and the end of the pattern of topic shifts throughout vv. 63-64 (see macrosyntax), the qatal // yiqtol alternation here could indicate the end of this discourse unit. In any case, the modal reading of the yiqtol is also highly plausible here (cf. ""could not weep"" in the CEB, CJB, CSB, EÜ, Luther2017, NASB, NIV, NJPS, REB, ZÜR), whether the wife of Phinehas in 1 Sam 4:19-22, because of her concern for the Ark, or a more general reference to exile/defeat, if they were taken captive or had to flee without a chance to lament (see the commentaries).
Textual Notes
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