Psalm 78/Diagrams/Placeholders/51
v. 51 - Preferred
(Preferred, but not confirmed); edit diagram
SimpleGrammar
DiscourseUnit [v. 51]
Fragment
particle: וַ and
Fragment
Clause
Predicate
verb: יַּךְ he struck down >> killed
Object
Apposition
Nominal
quantifier: כָּל every
noun: בְּכוֹר firstborn
Adjectival
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בְּ in
Object
noun: מִצְרָיִם Egypt
Nominal
ConstructChain
noun: רֵאשִׁית firstfruits
noun: אוֹנִים strength
Adjectival
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בְּ in
Object
ConstructChain
noun: אָהֳלֵי dwelling places
noun: חָם Ham
DiscourseUnit [v. 51]
Fragment
particle: וַ and
Fragment
Clause
Predicate
verb: יַּךְ he struck down >> killed
Object
Apposition
Nominal
quantifier: כָּל every
noun: בְּכוֹר firstborn
Adjectival
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בְּ in
Object
noun: מִצְרָיִם Egypt
Nominal
ConstructChain
noun: רֵאשִׁית firstfruits
noun: אוֹנִים strength
Adjectival
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בְּ in
Object
ConstructChain
noun: אָהֳלֵי dwelling places
noun: חָם Ham
{{Diagram/Display | Chapter=78|DiagramID=v-51-None }}
Grammar Notes
No Grammar notes to display for this diagram.
Alternative
For the emendation אוֹנָם in place of the MT's plural א֝וֹנִ֗ים, see the "their labors/pains" in the LXX and TgPs, "their strenth" in Symmachus, and "their children" in the Syr.[1] A number of Hebrew manuscripts may also read אונם.[2] The preferred reading (as the MT), however, is found in Jerome's Hebr. "first born"; and "of pains" in Aquila and Quinta/Sexta (<a href="https://septuaginta.uni-goettingen.de/catalogue/Ra_1173/">https://septuaginta.uni-goettingen.de/catalogue/Ra_1173/</a>).[3]
For the suffixed-form, see the NJPS "the firstfruits of their vigor" (cf. ESV, REB).
The plural אוֹנִים is unambiguously attested in Isa 40:26, 29 and Prov 11:7, so does not pose a grammatical problem for the MT here, of which the Hebrew manuscript evidence is otherwise very strong across both the larger Tiberian Codices and the Babylonian manuscripts. The versions may also have been influenced by וַיַּ֣ךְ כָּל־בְּכ֣וֹר בְּאַרְצָ֑ם רֵ֝אשִׁ֗ית לְכָל־אוֹנָֽם׃ in Ps 105:36.
Lexical Notes
Note for V. 51
v. 51 – While the sense of "epitome" (HALOT; Prov 1:7) is suitable for רֵאשִׁ֥ית, in parallel with בְּכ֣וֹר, the chronological "first" is probably in view, in combination with the reproductive concerns of א֝וֹנִ֗ים (see the versions discussed in the grammar notes). We interpret א֝וֹנִ֗ים as a plural of intensification (so GKC §124e; Delitzsch 1871, 372), as found also in Isa 40:29. For discussion of the form and text, see the grammar notes.
Phrase-Level
Note for V. 51
v. 51 – For the construct רֵאשִׁית אוֹנ- see also Gen 49:3, Deut 21:17, and the looser genitival relationship, רֵ֝אשִׁ֗ית לְכָל־אוֹנָֽם, in Ps 105:36. The construct relationship is one of characteristic-specification.
Verbal Notes
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Textual Notes
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Add Exegetical Note
v. 51 - Alternative
(Alternative); edit diagram
SimpleGrammar
DiscourseUnit [v. 51 alt.] <status="alternative">
Fragment
particle: וַ and
Fragment
Clause
Predicate
verb: יַּךְ he struck down >> he killed
Object
Apposition
Nominal
quantifier: כָּל every
noun: בְּכוֹר firstborn
Adjectival
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בְּ in
Object
noun: מִצְרָיִם Egypt
Nominal
ConstructChain
noun: רֵאשִׁית first >> best
ConstructChain <status="emendation">
noun: אוֹנ strength
suffix-pronoun: ָם them
Adjectival
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בְּ in
Object
ConstructChain
noun: אָהֳלֵי dwelling-places
noun: חָם Ham
DiscourseUnit [v. 51 alt.] <status="alternative">
Fragment
particle: וַ and
Fragment
Clause
Predicate
verb: יַּךְ he struck down >> he killed
Object
Apposition
Nominal
quantifier: כָּל every
noun: בְּכוֹר firstborn
Adjectival
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בְּ in
Object
noun: מִצְרָיִם Egypt
Nominal
ConstructChain
noun: רֵאשִׁית first >> best
ConstructChain <status="emendation">
noun: אוֹנ strength
suffix-pronoun: ָם them
Adjectival
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בְּ in
Object
ConstructChain
noun: אָהֳלֵי dwelling-places
noun: חָם Ham
{{Diagram/Display | Chapter=78|DiagramID=v-51-Alternative }}
Grammar Notes
Alternative
For the emendation אוֹנָם in place of the MT's plural א֝וֹנִ֗ים, see the "their labors/pains" in the LXX and TgPs, "their strenth" in Symmachus, and "their children" in the Syr.[4] A number of Hebrew manuscripts may also read אונם.[5] The preferred reading (as the MT), however, is found in Jerome's Hebr. "first born"; and "of pains" in Aquila and Quinta/Sexta (<a href="https://septuaginta.uni-goettingen.de/catalogue/Ra_1173/">https://septuaginta.uni-goettingen.de/catalogue/Ra_1173/</a>).[6]
For the suffixed-form, see the NJPS "the firstfruits of their vigor" (cf. ESV, REB).
The plural אוֹנִים is unambiguously attested in Isa 40:26, 29 and Prov 11:7, so does not pose a grammatical problem for the MT here, of which the Hebrew manuscript evidence is otherwise very strong across both the larger Tiberian Codices and the Babylonian manuscripts. The versions may also have been influenced by וַיַּ֣ךְ כָּל־בְּכ֣וֹר בְּאַרְצָ֑ם רֵ֝אשִׁ֗ית לְכָל־אוֹנָֽם׃ in Ps 105:36.
Lexical Notes
No Lexical notes to display for this diagram.
Note for V. 51
v. 51 – While the sense of "epitome" (HALOT; Prov 1:7) is suitable for רֵאשִׁ֥ית, in parallel with בְּכ֣וֹר, the chronological "first" is probably in view, in combination with the reproductive concerns of א֝וֹנִ֗ים (see the versions discussed in the grammar notes). We interpret א֝וֹנִ֗ים as a plural of intensification (so GKC §124e; Delitzsch 1871, 372), as found also in Isa 40:29. For discussion of the form and text, see the grammar notes.
Phrase-Level
No Phrasal notes to display for this diagram.
Note for V. 51
v. 51 – For the construct רֵאשִׁית אוֹנ- see also Gen 49:3, Deut 21:17, and the looser genitival relationship, רֵ֝אשִׁ֗ית לְכָל־אוֹנָֽם, in Ps 105:36. The construct relationship is one of characteristic-specification.
Verbal Notes
No Verbal notes to display for this diagram.
Textual Notes
No Textual notes to display for this diagram.
Add Exegetical Note
- ↑ These read τῶν πόνων αὐτῶν, צעריהון, δυνάμεως αὐτῶν, and ܝܠܕܗܘܢ, respectively.
- ↑ See de-Rossi, Variae Lectiones, vol. 4, 54.
- ↑ Read principium partus, λυπῶν and ὀδύνων, respectively.
- ↑ These read τῶν πόνων αὐτῶν, צעריהון, δυνάμεως αὐτῶν, and ܝܠܕܗܘܢ, respectively.
- ↑ See de-Rossi, Variae Lectiones, vol. 4, 54.
- ↑ Read principium partus, λυπῶν and ὀδύνων, respectively.