Psalm 78/Diagrams/Placeholders/45

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v. 45 - Preferred

(Preferred, but not confirmed); edit diagram 

SimpleGrammar
DiscourseUnit [v. 45]
  Fragment
    ClauseCluster
      Clause
        Predicate
          verb: יְשַׁלַּח he sent
          Object
            noun: עָרֹב a swarm of insects
          Adverbial
            PrepositionalPhrase
              Preposition
                preposition: בָּ among
              Object
                suffix-pronoun: הֶם them
      Conjunction
        conjunction: וַ and
      Clause
        Predicate 
          verb: יֹּאכְל it devoured
          Object
            suffix-pronoun: ֵם them
      Conjunction
        conjunction: וּ and
      Clause
        Predicate
          verb: יְשַׁלַּח he sent <status="elided">
          Object
            noun: צְפַרְדֵּעַ a frog >> a plague of frogs
          Adverbial <status="elided">
            PrepositionalPhrase
              Preposition
                preposition: בָּ among
              Object
                suffix-pronoun: הֶם them
      Conjunction
        conjunction: וַ and
      Clause
        Predicate 
          verb: תַּשְׁחִית it destroyed
          Object
            suffix-pronoun: ֵם them


Diagram Code 

 DiscourseUnit [v. 45]
  Fragment
    ClauseCluster
      Clause
        Predicate
          verb: יְשַׁלַּח he sent
          Object
            noun: עָרֹב a swarm of insects
          Adverbial
            PrepositionalPhrase
              Preposition
                preposition: בָּ among
              Object
                suffix-pronoun: הֶם them
      Conjunction
        conjunction: וַ and
      Clause
        Predicate 
          verb: יֹּאכְל it devoured
          Object
            suffix-pronoun: ֵם them
      Conjunction
        conjunction: וּ and
      Clause
        Predicate
          verb: יְשַׁלַּח he sent <status="elided">
          Object
            noun: צְפַרְדֵּעַ a frog >> a plague of frogs
          Adverbial <status="elided">
            PrepositionalPhrase
              Preposition
                preposition: בָּ among
              Object
                suffix-pronoun: הֶם them
      Conjunction
        conjunction: וַ and
      Clause
        Predicate 
          verb: תַּשְׁחִית it destroyed
          Object
            suffix-pronoun: ֵם them

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 {{Diagram/Display | Chapter=78|DiagramID=v-45-None }}

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Note for v. 45

The yiqtol beginning the present verse (as well as vv. 26, 47, 49, 50) are probably best considered archaic preterite functions of the yiqtol (see Notarius 2013; cf. Ḥakham 1979, 53: לשׁון עתיד שׁמשׁמעו לשׁעבר ""in language of the future whose meaning is in the past""). Notarius notes, ""a coherent, non-contradictory, archaic system is not proof of a genuine archaic text. Theoretically, a later writer could stylize the archaic linguistic type without any slips"" (2013, 274), such that the present text may intentionally transport the reader to what the author consider language of the period of the Exodus/Wilderness wanderings. Notice their clause-initial position (cf. Notarius 2013, 280-281) and consistent asyndesis in a psalm full of waw-coordination. Their functional overlap with wayyiqtol is suggested by the scribal tendency to provide the wayyiqtol וַיָּהֲרֹג for the MT's יַהֲרֹג in v. 47 (see below). One could postulate that the functional distinction to be drawn between these yiqtol forms and the wayyiqtol is analogous to the same aspectual effect brought about by the historical present in English (Khan, Long Yiqṭol, 35), though a preterite reading has been preferred here. The lexical prominence brought about by the form may prime the following instance of the verb שׁלח in v. 49.

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