Psalm 78/Diagrams/Placeholders/20

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v. 20 - Preferred

(Preferred, but not confirmed); edit diagram 

SimpleGrammar
DiscourseUnit [v. 20]
      Fragment
        particle: הֵן Look >> since
      Fragment
        ClauseCluster
          Clause
            Predicate
              verb: הִכָּה he struck
              Object
                noun: צוּר a rock
          Conjunction
            conjunction: וַ and
          Clause
            Subject
              noun: מַיִם waters
            Predicate
              verb: יָּזוּבוּ gushed out
          Conjunction
            conjunction: וּ and
          Clause
            Subject
              noun: נְחָלִים streams
            Predicate
              verb: יִשְׁטֹפוּ flowed
      Fragment
        particle: הֲ not?
      Fragment
        Clause
          Predicate
            verb: יוּכַל he is able
            Object
              ComplementClause
                Clause
                  Predicate
                    verb-infinitive: תֵּת to give
                    Object
                      noun: לֶחֶם bread
                      adjective: גַם too
      Fragment
        particle: אִם or not?
      Fragment
        Clause
          Predicate
            verb: יָכִין he can establish >> he can provide 
            Object
              noun: שְׁאֵר meat
            Adverbial
              PrepositionalPhrase
                Preposition
                  preposition: לְ for
                Object
                  ConstructChain <gloss="his people">
                    noun: עַמּ people
                    suffix-pronoun: וֹ him


Diagram Code 

 DiscourseUnit [v. 20]
      Fragment
        particle: הֵן Look >> since
      Fragment
        ClauseCluster
          Clause
            Predicate
              verb: הִכָּה he struck
              Object
                noun: צוּר a rock
          Conjunction
            conjunction: וַ and
          Clause
            Subject
              noun: מַיִם waters
            Predicate
              verb: יָּזוּבוּ gushed out
          Conjunction
            conjunction: וּ and
          Clause
            Subject
              noun: נְחָלִים streams
            Predicate
              verb: יִשְׁטֹפוּ flowed
      Fragment
        particle: הֲ not?
      Fragment
        Clause
          Predicate
            verb: יוּכַל he is able
            Object
              ComplementClause
                Clause
                  Predicate
                    verb-infinitive: תֵּת to give
                    Object
                      noun: לֶחֶם bread
                      adjective: גַם too
      Fragment
        particle: אִם or not?
      Fragment
        Clause
          Predicate
            verb: יָכִין he can establish >> he can provide 
            Object
              noun: שְׁאֵר meat
            Adverbial
              PrepositionalPhrase
                Preposition
                  preposition: לְ for
                Object
                  ConstructChain <gloss="his people">
                    noun: עַמּ people
                    suffix-pronoun: וֹ him

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 {{Diagram/Display | Chapter=78|DiagramID=v-20-None }}

Grammar Notes

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Lexical Notes

Lexical Notes for this diagram

Note for v. 20

v. 20 – On the function of הֵן to appeal to the common ground to set up a following speech act (in this case, the interrogative הֲגַם־לֶ֭חֶם י֣וּכַל תֵּ֑ת אִם־יָכִ֖ין שְׁאֵ֣ר לְעַמּֽוֹ), see Atkinson forthcoming ("הִנֵּה/הֵן constructions," in the Cambridge Grammar of Biblical Hebrew). Broadly considered a mirative particle, as per the gloss look, both הִנֵּה and הֵן vary on the mirative/surprising nature of their propositions.

Phrase-Level

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Verbal Notes

No Verbal notes to display for this diagram. Other notes for v. 20

Note for v. 20

Associate with v-20-None

On the the interpretation of wayyiqtol introducing a result to the preceding discourse, see Khan (forthcoming, Vayyiqṭol, 82-86); cf. Gen 12:19; 2 Sam 2:23 and v. 59b below.


Note for v. 20

Associate with v-20-None

For the imperfective reading of the yiqtol יִשְׁטֹפוּ (though it could be interpreted as progressive), see the NASB's ""And streams were overflowing."" As noted by Bybee et al. (1994, 174), progressives are an early stage in the grammaticalization process of imperfectives, so here we may have an early attestation (cf. Gen 37:15-16). On the other hand, long yiqtol most prototypically communicates repeated perfective eventualities, not a temporally-unbound individual event (Khan, Long Yiqtol, 4). Our ingressive reading interprets the imperfecive aspect as providing salience only for the onset phase of the event.

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