Psalm 78/Diagrams/Placeholders/2
From Psalms: Layer by Layer
v. 2 - Preferred
(Preferred, but not confirmed); edit diagram
SimpleGrammar
DiscourseUnit [v. 2]
Fragment
Clause
Predicate
verb: אֶפְתְּחָה let me open
Object
ConstructChain <gloss="my mouth">
noun: פ mouth
suffix-pronoun: ִי me
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בְ with
Object
noun: מָשָׁל parable
Fragment
Clause
Predicate
verb: אַבִּיעָה let me pour out
Object
Apposition
Nominal
noun: חִידוֹת puzzling problems
Adjectival
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: מִנִּי from
Object
noun: קֶדֶם ancient times >> long ago
RelativeClause <status="alternative">
RelativeParticle
particle: אֲשֶׁר which
ClauseCluster
Clause
Predicate
verb: שָׁמַעְנוּ we heard
Object <located="relative clause head">
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Predicate
verb: נֵּדָע we learned
Object
suffix-pronoun: ֵם them
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Subject
ConstructChain <gloss="our ancestors">
noun: אֲבוֹתֵי ancestors
suffix-pronoun: נוּ us
Predicate
verb: סִפְּרוּ told
Object <status="elided">
suffix-pronoun: ם them
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: לָ to
Object
suffix-pronoun: נוּ us
Nominal <status="alternative">
noun: <status="elided">
RelativeClause
RelativeParticle
particle: אֲשֶׁר which
ClauseCluster
Clause
Predicate
verb: שָׁמַעְנוּ we heard
Object <located="relative clause head">
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Predicate
verb: נֵּדָע we learned
Object
suffix-pronoun: ֵם them
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Subject
ConstructChain <gloss="our ancestors">
noun: אֲבוֹתֵי ancestors
suffix-pronoun: נוּ us
Predicate
verb: סִפְּרוּ told
Object <status="elided">
suffix-pronoun: ם them
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: לָ to
Object
suffix-pronoun: נוּ us
DiscourseUnit [v. 2]
Fragment
Clause
Predicate
verb: אֶפְתְּחָה let me open
Object
ConstructChain <gloss="my mouth">
noun: פ mouth
suffix-pronoun: ִי me
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בְ with
Object
noun: מָשָׁל parable
Fragment
Clause
Predicate
verb: אַבִּיעָה let me pour out
Object
Apposition
Nominal
noun: חִידוֹת puzzling problems
Adjectival
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: מִנִּי from
Object
noun: קֶדֶם ancient times >> long ago
RelativeClause <status="alternative">
RelativeParticle
particle: אֲשֶׁר which
ClauseCluster
Clause
Predicate
verb: שָׁמַעְנוּ we heard
Object <located="relative clause head">
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Predicate
verb: נֵּדָע we learned
Object
suffix-pronoun: ֵם them
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Subject
ConstructChain <gloss="our ancestors">
noun: אֲבוֹתֵי ancestors
suffix-pronoun: נוּ us
Predicate
verb: סִפְּרוּ told
Object <status="elided">
suffix-pronoun: ם them
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: לָ to
Object
suffix-pronoun: נוּ us
Nominal <status="alternative">
noun: <status="elided">
RelativeClause
RelativeParticle
particle: אֲשֶׁר which
ClauseCluster
Clause
Predicate
verb: שָׁמַעְנוּ we heard
Object <located="relative clause head">
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Predicate
verb: נֵּדָע we learned
Object
suffix-pronoun: ֵם them
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Subject
ConstructChain <gloss="our ancestors">
noun: אֲבוֹתֵי ancestors
suffix-pronoun: נוּ us
Predicate
verb: סִפְּרוּ told
Object <status="elided">
suffix-pronoun: ם them
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: לָ to
Object
suffix-pronoun: נוּ us
{{Diagram/Display | Chapter=78|DiagramID=v-2-None }}
Grammar Notes
Note for V. 2
If there was any doubt that מִנִּי־קֶֽדֶם modifies חִ֝יד֗וֹת, both the Peshitta and Targum provide the relative particle "which are from of old."[1]
Despite the gender disagreement, under this alternative reading of the relative clause in v. 3, חִ֝יד֗וֹת would be best read as the antecedent of the suffix on וַנֵּדָעֵ֑ם.
The second alternative position is in apposition to the "puzzling problems from long ago," as a headless relative clause. Such an interpretation is illustrated by the CSB: "I will speak mysteries from the past—things we have heard and known and that our ancestors have passed down to us" (cf. ESV, NABRE, NIV, NJPS).
Lexical Notes
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Phrase-Level
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Verbal Notes
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Textual Notes
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Add Exegetical Note
- ↑ These read ܕܡܢ ܩܕܝܡ and דמן לקדמין, respectively; see also Symmachus' ἀναβλύσω προβλήματα ἀρχαῖα "I will gush forth ancient problems." The Peshitta also, quite inexplicably, provides the conjunction and mirative particle ܗܐ ܓܝܪ ("for look"; Taylor 2020, 311) at the beginning of this verse.