Psalm 78/Diagrams/2
v. 11
וְ֝נִפְלְאוֹתָ֗יו אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֶרְאָֽם׃
Preferred
(Preferred, but not confirmed); edit diagram
DiscourseUnit [v. 11]
Fragment
particle: וַ and
Fragment
ClauseCluster
Clause
Predicate
verb: יִּשְׁכְּחוּ they forgot
Object
Nominal
ConstructChain <gloss="his deeds">
noun: עֲלִילוֹתָי deeds
suffix-pronoun: ו him
Conjunction
conjunction: וְ and <status="alternative">
ConstructChain <status="alternative">
noun: נִפְלְאוֹתָי wonders
suffix-pronoun: ו him
RelativeClause <status="alternative">
RelativeParticle
particle: אֲשֶׁר which
Clause
Predicate
verb: הֶרְא he showed
Object
suffix-pronoun: ָם them
SecondObject
noun: <located="relative clause head">
Conjunction
conjunction: וְ and
Clause
Predicate
verb: שָֽׁכְחוּ they forgot <status="elided">
Object
Nominal
ConstructChain <gloss="his wonders">
noun: נִפְלְאוֹתָי wonders
suffix-pronoun: ו him
RelativeClause
RelativeParticle
particle: אֲשֶׁר which
Clause
Predicate
verb: הֶרְא he showed
Object
suffix-pronoun: ָם them
{{Diagram/Display | Chapter=78|DiagramID=v-11-None }}
Grammar Notes
Note for V. 11
v. 11 – In light of parallels such as Mic 7:5 (כִּימֵ֥י צֵאתְךָ֖ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם אַרְאֶ֖נּוּ נִפְלָאֽוֹת), we understand the relative clause to modify only נִפְלְאוֹתָ֗יו, limiting the syntax to only the second poetic line of the verse with the verb elided. Alternatively, qal ראה is found with עֲלִילָה in Ezek 14:22 (וּרְאִיתֶ֥ם אֶת־דַּרְכָּ֖ם וְאֶת־עֲלִֽילוֹתָ֑ם), so עֲלִילוֹתָ֑יו could also be included within the scope of the relative clause.
Lexical Notes
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Phrase-Level
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Verbal Notes
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v. 12
Preferred
(Preferred, but not confirmed); edit diagram
SimpleGrammar
DiscourseUnit [v. 12]
Fragment
Clause
Predicate
verb: עָשָׂה he performed
Object
noun: פֶלֶא miracles
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: נֶגֶד before
Object
ConstructChain <gloss="their ancestors">
noun: אֲבוֹת ancestors
suffix-pronoun: ָם them
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בְּ in
Object
Apposition
ConstructChain
noun: אֶרֶץ land
noun: מִצְרַיִם Egypt
ConstructChain
noun: שְׂדֵה region
noun: צֹעַן Zoan
DiscourseUnit [v. 12]
Fragment
Clause
Predicate
verb: עָשָׂה he performed
Object
noun: פֶלֶא miracles
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: נֶגֶד before
Object
ConstructChain <gloss="their ancestors">
noun: אֲבוֹת ancestors
suffix-pronoun: ָם them
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בְּ in
Object
Apposition
ConstructChain
noun: אֶרֶץ land
noun: מִצְרַיִם Egypt
ConstructChain
noun: שְׂדֵה region
noun: צֹעַן Zoan
{{Diagram/Display | Chapter=78|DiagramID=v-12-None }}
Grammar Notes
Note for V. 12
For the apposition between the two locative phrases (despite the elision of the preposition בְּ in the second constituent), see the ancient versions duplication of the preposition.[1] On the appositional analysis of the second constituent specifying a detail concerning the first, see DHH's formulation: en la región de Soan, que está en Egipto "in the region of Zoan, which is in Egypt."
Lexical Notes
Note for v. 12
v. 12 – Despite the possibility of selecting a plural form (see, e.g., פְּלָאוֹת in Ps 119:129), the singular פֶּלֶא has been interpreted as a collective in all the ancient versions and also in the modern translations checked (cf. Exod 15:11; Isa 25:1; Ps 77:12; 88:11, 13; 89:6)—indeed, Exodus 15:11 (עֹ֥שֵׂה פֶֽלֶא) is probably the literary influence for this recounting of the same events.
Note for v. 12
v. 12 – Despite the plural "fields" found in the Syr. (ܚ̈ܩܠܬܐ) and שדי in one medieval manuscript (see VTH, vol. 4, 373), the singular שְׂדֵה is intended, though seemingly to refer to the region, rather than a particular field as perhaps one would envisage "the field of Zoan."
Note for v. 12
v. 12 – Zoan (modern day Tanis; cf. the LXX, Jerome, TgPs) is about 20km north of Rameses (modern day Qantir), a store city that the Israelites are said to have constructed in Exodus 1:11. As well as its proximity to the Israelite activity and plausible setting for much of their labor, there may be a few other motivating factors for the mention of Zoan both here and in v. 43. First, "it served as the seat of the Egyptian royal court from 1070-725 B.C.E" (Leuchter 2006, 21), so may have provided further rhetorical force for YHWH's superiority on a level of international relations beyond Israel in the north, with his special elective favor on Judah/David/Zion. Second, the alliteration and (almost) assonance between צֹעַן and both צִ֝יּ֗וֹן (v. 68) and צֹֽאן (v. 70) is more striking than if another location had been mentioned (Leuchter 2006, 22).
Phrase-Level
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Verbal Notes
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Add Exegetical Note
v. 13
Preferred
(Preferred, but not confirmed); edit diagram
SimpleGrammar
DiscourseUnit [v. 13]
Fragment
ClauseCluster
Clause
Predicate
verb: בָּקַע he divided
Object
noun: יָם sea
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Predicate
verb: יַּעֲבִיר cause to pass >> bring through
Object
suffix-pronoun: ֵם them
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Predicate
verb: יַּצֶּב made stand
Object
noun: מַיִם waters
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: כְּמוֹ like
Object
noun: נֵד a heap
Adverbial <status="alternative">
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: כְּמוֹ like
Object
noun: נֹד a bottle <status="revocalization">
DiscourseUnit [v. 13]
Fragment
ClauseCluster
Clause
Predicate
verb: בָּקַע he divided
Object
noun: יָם sea
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Predicate
verb: יַּעֲבִיר cause to pass >> bring through
Object
suffix-pronoun: ֵם them
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Predicate
verb: יַּצֶּב made stand
Object
noun: מַיִם waters
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: כְּמוֹ like
Object
noun: נֵד a heap
Adverbial <status="alternative">
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: כְּמוֹ like
Object
noun: נֹד a bottle <status="revocalization">
{{Diagram/Display | Chapter=78|DiagramID=v-13-None }}
Grammar Notes
Note for V. 13
For the alternative revocalization נֹד for the MT's נֵד, see the LXX's ἀσκὸν "wineskin," most plausibly from נאֹד/נֹד (see the same phenomenon in Ps 33:7).[2] Hebrew evidence for the reading נֹד is also found in the Babylonian manuscripts JTS 611 and 631.
Lexical Notes
Note for V. 13
v. 13 – For the alternative revocalization נֹד for the MT's נֵד, see the LXX's ἀσκὸν "wineskin," most plausibly from נאֹד/נֹד (see the same phenomenon in Ps 33:7).[3]
Phrase-Level
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Verbal Notes
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Add Exegetical Note
v. 14
Preferred
(Preferred, but not confirmed); edit diagram
SimpleGrammar
DiscourseUnit [v. 14]
Fragment
particle: וַ and
Fragment
ClauseCluster
Clause
Predicate
verb: יַּנְח he led
Object
suffix-pronoun: ֵם them
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בֶּ by
Object
article: ה <status="elided">
noun: עָנָן cloud
adverb: יוֹמָם during the day
Conjunction
conjunction: וְ and
Clause
Predicate
verb: הִנְח he led <status="elided">
Object
suffix-pronoun: ָם them <status="elided">
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בְּ by
Object <gloss="fire light">
ConstructChain
noun: אוֹר light
noun: אֵשׁ fire
Adverbial
Nominal <gloss="all night">
quantifier: כָל all
article: הַ the
noun: לַּיְלָה night
DiscourseUnit [v. 14]
Fragment
particle: וַ and
Fragment
ClauseCluster
Clause
Predicate
verb: יַּנְח he led
Object
suffix-pronoun: ֵם them
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בֶּ by
Object
article: ה <status="elided">
noun: עָנָן cloud
adverb: יוֹמָם during the day
Conjunction
conjunction: וְ and
Clause
Predicate
verb: הִנְח he led <status="elided">
Object
suffix-pronoun: ָם them <status="elided">
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בְּ by
Object <gloss="fire light">
ConstructChain
noun: אוֹר light
noun: אֵשׁ fire
Adverbial
Nominal <gloss="all night">
quantifier: כָל all
article: הַ the
noun: לַּיְלָה night
{{Diagram/Display | Chapter=78|DiagramID=v-14-None }}
Grammar Notes
No Grammar notes to display for this diagram.
Lexical Notes
No Lexical notes to display for this diagram.
Phrase-Level
Note for V. 14
v. 14 – As a common noun, the article in בֶּעָנָ֣ן indicates the class reference "the cloud >> clouds," and can thus be rendered as generic and indefinite in English (see Bekins forthcoming).
Note for V. 14
v. 14 – Since הַ֝לַּ֗יְלָה is definite, the quantifier כָל informs the totality of the duration of the night, rather than distributive every night, just as we would expect in parallel with יוֹמָ֑ם (cf. the CEB's "all through the night").[4]
Note for V. 14
v. 14 – The construct chain א֣וֹר אֵֽשׁ communicates entity-source, i.e., the light produced by fire.
Verbal Notes
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v. 15
Preferred
(Preferred, but not confirmed); edit diagram
SimpleGrammar
DiscourseUnit [v. 15]
Fragment
ClauseCluster
Clause
Predicate
verb: יְבַקַּע he would split
Object
noun: צֻרִים rocks
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בַּ in
Object
article: ה the <status="elided">
noun: מִּדְבָּר wilderness
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Predicate
verb: יַּשְׁקְ provide drinking water
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: כִּ as
Object
Nominal
noun: תְהֹמוֹת oceans >> from oceans
adjective: רַבָּה abundant <status="alternative">
Adverbial <status="alternative">
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בִּ in <status="emendation">
Object
Nominal
noun: תְהֹמוֹת oceans
adverb: רַבָּה abundantly
DiscourseUnit [v. 15]
Fragment
ClauseCluster
Clause
Predicate
verb: יְבַקַּע he would split
Object
noun: צֻרִים rocks
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בַּ in
Object
article: ה the <status="elided">
noun: מִּדְבָּר wilderness
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Predicate
verb: יַּשְׁקְ provide drinking water
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: כִּ as
Object
Nominal
noun: תְהֹמוֹת oceans >> from oceans
adjective: רַבָּה abundant <status="alternative">
Adverbial <status="alternative">
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בִּ in <status="emendation">
Object
Nominal
noun: תְהֹמוֹת oceans
adverb: רַבָּה abundantly
{{Diagram/Display | Chapter=78|DiagramID=v-15-None }}
Grammar Notes
Note for V. 15
v. 15 – For the preferred adverbial reading of רַבָּה as "much, a lot," cf. Pss 62:3 and possibly 89:8 (cf. BDB 913; DCH vol. 7, 385; GKC §132h n.2; CEB, DHH, ELB, ESV, EÜ, Luther 2017, NASB, SG21, ZÜR).
The alternative understands רַבָּֽה as modifying כִּתְהֹמ֥וֹת, though the number disagreement is difficult, as there is no Hebrew manuscript evidence for the reading רַבּוֹת here. See the ancient versions for such an interpretation (cf. KJV, NJPS, RVC, TOB). For the alternative בִּתְהֹמוֹת for the MT's כִּתְהֹמ֥וֹת see the Hebrew manuscripts in VTH vol, 4: 374 and de-Rossi, vol. 4: 53. For the adverbial reading of the latter "as from among the abyss," see the LXX, Jerome's Hebr. and the Syr.[5]
Lexical Notes
Note for v. 15
v. 15 – Due to the lack of object suffix on וַ֝יַּ֗שְׁקְ, instead of "give [them] water to drink," the simpler gloss "provide drinking water" has been preferred (cf. "serve drinks" [DCH, 548] for the similarly object-less וְהַשְׁקוֹת֙ in Esth 1:7). Notice the variation between Jerome's Hebr. potum dedit "he gave a drink" and the supplied object of the LXX and Syr.[6]
Phrase-Level
Note for V. 15
v. 15 – The article in בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר is probably identifiable to the reader as activated by the Exodus story, though it could also be generic class, as possibly the case of בַּצִּיָּֽה in v. 17.
Verbal Notes
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Add Exegetical Note
v. 16
Preferred
(Preferred, but not confirmed); edit diagram
SimpleGrammar
DiscourseUnit [v. 16]
Fragment
particle: וַ and
Fragment
ClauseCluster
Clause
Predicate
verb: יּוֹצִא he brought out
Object
noun: נוֹזְלִים streams
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: מִ from
Object
Nominal
noun: סָּלַע rock
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Predicate
verb: יּוֹרֶד made flow down
Object
noun: מָיִם waters
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: כַּ like
Object
Nominal
article: ה the <status="elided">
noun: נְּהָרוֹת rivers
DiscourseUnit [v. 16]
Fragment
particle: וַ and
Fragment
ClauseCluster
Clause
Predicate
verb: יּוֹצִא he brought out
Object
noun: נוֹזְלִים streams
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: מִ from
Object
Nominal
noun: סָּלַע rock
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Predicate
verb: יּוֹרֶד made flow down
Object
noun: מָיִם waters
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: כַּ like
Object
Nominal
article: ה the <status="elided">
noun: נְּהָרוֹת rivers
{{Diagram/Display | Chapter=78|DiagramID=v-16-None }}
Grammar Notes
No Grammar notes to display for this diagram.
Lexical Notes
Note for V. 16
v. 16 – The sense of נְהָרוֹת could be either simply fresh-water rivers or ocean currents (see, e.g., Ps 24:2; 89:26). The parallel term, נוֹזְלִים, also carries such ambiguity, as it is used later in the psalm to refer to the Egyptians' river(s) (v. 44), but also as the ocean currents in Exod 15:8, a text which seems highly influential on Ps 78. In the end, the gloss rivers has been preferred as thematically parallel to v. 44.
Phrase-Level
Note for V. 16
v. 16 – For the probable Masoretic innovation on the article in כַּנְּהָר֣וֹת, see the discussion under v. 52 below. Even if the denotation of נְּהָרוֹת were the deep currents, apparently cosmically unique, these, too, lack the article when not preceded by a proclitic preposition (cf. Pss 74:15; 93:3; see further the discussion of Exodus 15 below).
Verbal Notes
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Add Exegetical Note
vv. 17-19
Preferred
(Preferred, but not confirmed); edit diagram
SimpleGrammar
DiscourseUnit [vv. 17-19a]
Fragment
particle: וַ But
Fragment
ClauseCluster
Clause
Predicate <gloss="they sinned against him again and rebelled against the Most high again in the desert">
verb: יּוֹסִיפוּ they repeated
adverb: עוֹד again
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: לַ to
Object
Clause
Subject
Predicate
verb-infinitive: חֲטֹא sin
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: ל against
Object
suffix-pronoun: וֹ him
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: לַ to
Object
Clause
Subject
Predicate
verb-infinitive: מְרוֹת rebel against
Object
noun: עֶלְיוֹן the Most High
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בַּ in
Object
article: ה the <status="elided">
noun: צִּיָּה desert
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Predicate
verb: יְנַסּוּ they put to the test
Object
noun: אֵל God
Adverbial <gloss="by their intentions">
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בִּ in
Object
ConstructChain
noun: לְבָב heart
suffix-pronoun: ָם them
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: לִ by
Object
Clause
Subject
Predicate
verb-infinitive: שְׁאָל asking for
Object
noun: אֹכֶל food
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: לְ for
Object
ConstructChain <gloss="their craving">
noun: נַפְשׁ throat >> craving
suffix-pronoun: ָם them
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Predicate
verb: יְדַבְּרוּ they spoke
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בֵּ against
Object
noun: אלֹהִים God
Fragment
Clause
Predicate
verb: אָמְרוּ they said
Fragment
particle: הֲ ?
Fragment
Clause
Subject
noun: אֵל God
Predicate
verb: יוּכַל is able
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: לַ to
Object
Clause
Subject
Predicate
verb-infinitive: עֲרֹךְ prepare
Object
noun: שֻׁלְחָן a table
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בַּ in
Object
article: ה the <status="elided">
noun: מִּדְבָּר wilderness
DiscourseUnit [vv. 17-19a]
Fragment
particle: וַ But
Fragment
ClauseCluster
Clause
Predicate <gloss="they sinned against him again and rebelled against the Most high again in the desert">
verb: יּוֹסִיפוּ they repeated
adverb: עוֹד again
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: לַ to
Object
Clause
Subject
Predicate
verb-infinitive: חֲטֹא sin
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: ל against
Object
suffix-pronoun: וֹ him
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: לַ to
Object
Clause
Subject
Predicate
verb-infinitive: מְרוֹת rebel against
Object
noun: עֶלְיוֹן the Most High
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בַּ in
Object
article: ה the <status="elided">
noun: צִּיָּה desert
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Predicate
verb: יְנַסּוּ they put to the test
Object
noun: אֵל God
Adverbial <gloss="by their intentions">
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בִּ in
Object
ConstructChain
noun: לְבָב heart
suffix-pronoun: ָם them
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: לִ by
Object
Clause
Subject
Predicate
verb-infinitive: שְׁאָל asking for
Object
noun: אֹכֶל food
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: לְ for
Object
ConstructChain <gloss="their craving">
noun: נַפְשׁ throat >> craving
suffix-pronoun: ָם them
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Predicate
verb: יְדַבְּרוּ they spoke
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בֵּ against
Object
noun: אלֹהִים God
Fragment
Clause
Predicate
verb: אָמְרוּ they said
Fragment
particle: הֲ ?
Fragment
Clause
Subject
noun: אֵל God
Predicate
verb: יוּכַל is able
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: לַ to
Object
Clause
Subject
Predicate
verb-infinitive: עֲרֹךְ prepare
Object
noun: שֻׁלְחָן a table
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: בַּ in
Object
article: ה the <status="elided">
noun: מִּדְבָּר wilderness
{{Diagram/Display | Chapter=78|DiagramID=vv-17-19-None }}
Grammar Notes
Note for V. 17
v. 17 – The LXX's finite "they provoked the Most High in the waterless place" (παρεπίκραναν τὸν ὕψιστον ἐν ἀνύδρῳ) for the MT's infinitive לַֽמְר֥וֹת "to rebel" is likely stylistic, as there is no Hebrew manuscript evidence for the finite מָרוּ.
Lexical Notes
No Lexical notes to display for this diagram.
Phrase-Level
Note for v. 18
v. 18 – While בִּלְבָבָ֑ם could be understood as a metaphorical locative, i.e., "in secret" or the like (so Jenni 1992, 202), the following co-text makes this improbable. Thus, "mind, attention" (SDBH; NJPS) and even "intentions" (van der Merwe 2023) has been preferred, implying בְּ should be understood as instrumental. See, e.g., the NIV's "they willfully put God to the test" (cf. NET, TOB).
Note for v. 18
v. 18 – For lamed infinitive constructs such as לִֽשְׁאָל functioning as explicative > specification, that is, "by doing x," see BHRG §39.11.3.b.ii (cf. Exod 20:8; Judg 9:56; 1 Kgs 3:3; Ps 119:9).
Note for v. 18
v. 18 – Since we have preferred the gloss "craving" for נֶפֶשׁ, it follows that the suffix on לְנַפְשָֽׁם would communicate characteristic-possessor.
Note for v. 19
v. 19 – The function of בְּ in וַֽיְדַבְּר֗וּ בֵּֽאלֹ֫הִ֥ים is one of social contact (BHRG §39.6.1.b.iii), while both וְ֭אֵשׁ נִשְּׂקָ֣ה בְיַעֲקֹ֑ב and אַ֝֗ף עָלָ֥ה בְיִשְׂרָאֵֽל (see v. 21) are material contact (BHRG §39.6.1.b.i), though all malefactive, "against."
Verbal Notes
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v. 20
Preferred
(Preferred, but not confirmed); edit diagram
SimpleGrammar
DiscourseUnit [v. 20]
Fragment
particle: הֵן Look >> since
Fragment
ClauseCluster
Clause
Predicate
verb: הִכָּה he struck
Object
noun: צוּר a rock
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Subject
noun: מַיִם waters
Predicate
verb: יָּזוּבוּ gushed out
Conjunction
conjunction: וּ and
Clause
Subject
noun: נְחָלִים streams
Predicate
verb: יִשְׁטֹפוּ flowed
Fragment
particle: הֲ ?
Fragment
Clause
Predicate
verb: יוּכַל he is able
Object
ComplementClause
Clause
Predicate
verb-infinitive: תֵּת to give
Object
noun: לֶחֶם bread
adjective: גַם also
Fragment
particle: אִם or
Fragment
Clause
Predicate
verb: יָכִין he will prepare
Object
noun: שְׁאֵר meat
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: לְ for
Object
ConstructChain <gloss="his people">
noun: עַמּ people
suffix-pronoun: וֹ him
DiscourseUnit [v. 20]
Fragment
particle: הֵן Look >> since
Fragment
ClauseCluster
Clause
Predicate
verb: הִכָּה he struck
Object
noun: צוּר a rock
Conjunction
conjunction: וַ and
Clause
Subject
noun: מַיִם waters
Predicate
verb: יָּזוּבוּ gushed out
Conjunction
conjunction: וּ and
Clause
Subject
noun: נְחָלִים streams
Predicate
verb: יִשְׁטֹפוּ flowed
Fragment
particle: הֲ ?
Fragment
Clause
Predicate
verb: יוּכַל he is able
Object
ComplementClause
Clause
Predicate
verb-infinitive: תֵּת to give
Object
noun: לֶחֶם bread
adjective: גַם also
Fragment
particle: אִם or
Fragment
Clause
Predicate
verb: יָכִין he will prepare
Object
noun: שְׁאֵר meat
Adverbial
PrepositionalPhrase
Preposition
preposition: לְ for
Object
ConstructChain <gloss="his people">
noun: עַמּ people
suffix-pronoun: וֹ him
{{Diagram/Display | Chapter=78|DiagramID=v-20-None }}
Grammar Notes
No Grammar notes to display for this diagram.
Lexical Notes
Note for v. 20
v. 20 – On the function of הֵן to appeal to the common ground to set up a following speech act (in this case, the interrogative הֲגַם־לֶ֭חֶם י֣וּכַל תֵּ֑ת אִם־יָכִ֖ין שְׁאֵ֣ר לְעַמּֽוֹ), see Atkinson forthcoming ("הִנֵּה/הֵן constructions," in the Cambridge Grammar of Biblical Hebrew). Broadly considered a mirative particle, as per the gloss look, both הִנֵּה and הֵן vary on the mirative/surprising nature of their propositions.
Phrase-Level
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Verbal Notes
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Add Exegetical Note
Appendix
Files
Diagrams
Notes
- Grammar.V. 1.142421
- Grammar.V. 10.856105
- Grammar.V. 11.741627
- Grammar.V. 12.885665
- Grammar.V. 17.600763
- Grammar.V. 2.200143
- Grammar.V. 24.142971
- Grammar.V. 28.567213
- Grammar.V. 28.666161
- Grammar.V. 32.760091
- Grammar.V. 34.837458
- Grammar.V. 36.822732
- Grammar.V. 39.7727
- Grammar.V. 3a.555136
- Grammar.V. 41.706414
- Grammar.V. 49.683964
- Grammar.V. 50.51497
- Grammar.V. 9.179548
- Grammar.V. 9.257459
- Grammar.Vv. 13-14.484033
- Grammar.Vv. 15.425807
- Grammar.Vv. 3-4.239598
- Grammar.Vv. 47-48.833138
- Grammar.Vv. 5-8.672193
- Grammar.v. 12.333926
- Grammar.v. 12.628604
- Grammar.v. 31.624770
- Grammar.v. 33.270054
- Grammar.v. 42.464194
- Grammar.v. 51.975339
- Grammar.v. 54.993969
- Grammar.v. 55.588213
- Grammar.v. 56.855625
- Grammar.v. 60.389634
- Grammar.v. 64.710118
- Grammar.v. 68.327932
- Grammar.v. 69.814644
- Grammar.v. 69.833981
- Grammar.v. 69a.64577
- Grammar.v. 69b.665636
- Grammar.v. 71.289893
- Grammar.v. 72.315425
- Grammar.v. 8.676290
- Grammar.vv. 63-64.711824
- Grammar.vv. 71.447591
- Grammar.vv. 72.9098
- Lexical.V. 13.417473
- Lexical.V. 16.951919
- Lexical.V. 28.690178
- Lexical.V. 29.39767
- Lexical.V. 33.439894
- Lexical.V. 34.227161
- Lexical.V. 40.321522
- Lexical.V. 41.576410
- Lexical.V. 46.253400
- Lexical.V. 47.526706
- Lexical.V. 47.816095
- Lexical.V. 47.870775
- Lexical.V. 48.50141
- Lexical.V. 51.729929
- Lexical.v. 12.715237
- Lexical.v. 15.330857
- Lexical.v. 20.300801
- Lexical.v. 25.480527
- Lexical.v. 31.846026
- Lexical.v. 32.620497
- Lexical.v. 36.655733
- Lexical.v. 49.367959
- Lexical.v. 54.935896
- Lexical.v. 55.605314
- Lexical.v. 57.320703
- Lexical.v. 57.885972
- Lexical.v. 61.391700
- Lexical.v. 64.201697
- Lexical.v. 65.579388
- Lexical.v. 66.240586
- Lexical.v. 67.998731
- Lexical.v. 7.172068
- Lexical.v. 7.568462
- Lexical.v. 8.623278
- Lexical.vv. 21-22.146086
- Lexical.vv. 21-22.547752
- Lexical.vv. 21-22.997862
- Lexical.vv. 67-70.495489
- Phrasal.V. 14.778101
- Phrasal.V. 14.863017
- Phrasal.V. 14.909224
- Phrasal.V. 15.402091
- Phrasal.V. 16.305229
- Phrasal.V. 27.17093
- Phrasal.V. 27.518179
- Phrasal.V. 28.435429
- Phrasal.V. 33.607554
- Phrasal.V. 34.379869
- Phrasal.V. 36.750609
- Phrasal.V. 37.208950
- Phrasal.V. 37.531292
- Phrasal.V. 38.185771
- Phrasal.V. 40.280869
- Phrasal.V. 40.282367
- Phrasal.V. 41.553378
- Phrasal.V. 48.574563
- Phrasal.V. 51.328780
- Phrasal.V. 52.774916
- Phrasal.Vv. 47-48.492276
- Phrasal.v. 1.257490
- Phrasal.v. 1.364985
- Phrasal.v. 1.972397
- Phrasal.v. 17.102829
- Phrasal.v. 18.194438
- Phrasal.v. 18.647429
- Phrasal.v. 18.701760
- Phrasal.v. 19.896591
- Phrasal.v. 21.487450
- Phrasal.v. 23.828593
- Phrasal.v. 25.702859
- Phrasal.v. 31.565370
- Phrasal.v. 31.576392
- Phrasal.v. 32.50711
- Phrasal.v. 4.812844
- Phrasal.v. 49.450759
- Phrasal.v. 49.539766
- Phrasal.v. 49.837046
- Phrasal.v. 53.508578
- Phrasal.v. 54.394670
- Phrasal.v. 54.406757
- Phrasal.v. 55.444873
- Phrasal.v. 56.464655
- Phrasal.v. 59.161082
- Phrasal.v. 6.549203
- Phrasal.v. 61.788735
- Phrasal.v. 62.979755
- Phrasal.v. 65.80060
- Phrasal.v. 66.323089
- Phrasal.v. 67.189623
- Phrasal.v. 68.327781
- Phrasal.v. 7.624387
- Phrasal.v. 71.680895
- Phrasal.v. 8.323896
- Phrasal.v. 8.795349
- Phrasal.v. 9.235459
- Phrasal.vv. 67-70.887990
Approvals
Current Grammar status is not set for version not set. Current Lexical status is not set for version not set.
References
- ↑ The LXX reads ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ ἐν πεδίῳ Τάνεως, while Jerome's Hebr. reads in terra Aegypto in regione Taneos, and the Syr. ܒܐܪܥܐ ܕܡܨܪܝܢ ܘܒܚ̈ܩܠܬܐ ܕܨܥܢܢ.
- ↑ See also TgPss' זיקא, which is forced to provide the elliptical צרירין היך זיקא "bound like skin bottles" (Stec 2004, 151) and the Syr. ܒܙܩ̈ܐ, which is forced to provide the elliptical ܐܝܟ ܕܒܙܩ̈ܐ "as though in bottles" (Taylor 2020, 315).
- ↑ See also TgPss' זיקא, which is forced to provide the elliptical צרירין היך זיקא "bound like skin bottles" (Stec 2004, 151) and the Syr. ܒܙܩ̈ܐ, which is forced to provide the elliptical ܐܝܟ ܕܒܙܩ̈ܐ "as though in bottles" (Taylor 2020, 315).
- ↑ The ancient versions also unambiguously attest "all night," with the adverbial accusative ὅλην τὴν νύκτα, the ablative tota nocte, and proleptic ܗ in ܟܠܗ of ܘܟܠܗ ܠܠܝܐ.
- ↑ These read ὡς ἐν ἀβύσσῳ, quasi de abyssis, and ܐܝܟ ܕܡܢ ܬܗܘܡܐ ܪܒܐ, respectively.
- ↑ These read καὶ ἐπότισεν αὐτοὺς and ܘܐܫܩܝ ܐܢܘܢ "he gave them drink."