Psalm 6/Verbs

Verbs

Verb forms

Definition Feature being studied	Occurrences Sections where this feature is present or absent	Clustering	Intersection	Connections	Structure
imperative	‎חָנֵּנִי (v.3a), ‎רְפָאֵנִי (v.3b), ‎שׁוּבָה (v.5a), ‎חַלְּצָה (v.5a), ‎הוֹשִׁיעֵנִי (v.5b), ‎סוּרוּ (v.9a)	v.3; v.5	opens sections 2 (vv.5-6) and 4 (vv.9-11)		anaphora
yiqtol	יוֹדֶה (v.6b), אַשְׂחֶה (v.7b), אַמְסֶֽה (v.7c), יִקָּח(v.10b)
qatal	נִבְהֲלוּ (v.3b), נִבְהֲלָה (v.4a), יָגַ֤עְתִּי(v.7a), עָֽשְׁשָׁה (v.8a), עָֽתְקָה (v.8b), שָׁמַ֥ע (v.9b), שָׁמַע (v.10a)	vv.8-11
volitives	תוֹכִיחֵנִי (v.2a), ‎תְיַסְּרֵנִי(v.2b),‎ חָנֵּנִי (v.3a), ‎רְפָאֵנִי (v.3b), ‎שׁוּבָה (v.5a), ‎חַלְּצָה (v.5a), ‎הוֹשִׁיעֵנִי (v.5b), ‎סוּרוּ (v.9a), ‎יֵבֹשׁוּ (v.11a), ‎וְיִבָּהֲלוּ (v.11a),‎יָשֻׁבוּ (v.11b), ‎יֵבֹשׁוּ(v.11b)	vv.2-3, 5, 11	Opens sections 1, 2, and 4. Closes psalm.		Volitives are used to mark the opening of new sections (anaphora, vv.2, 5, 9). Section 3, which is unique in a number of ways (e.g., 1cs verbs, rare vocabulary, vivid imagery, emotional despair), is the only exception to this pattern.
jussive	‎תוֹכִיחֵנִי (v.2a), ‎תְיַסְּרֵנִי(v.2b),‎יֵבֹשׁוּ (v.11a), ‎וְיִבָּהֲלוּ (v.11a),‎יָשֻׁבוּ (v.11b), ‎יֵבֹשׁוּ(v.11b)	v.2; v.11	Opens and closes psalm (vv. 2,11)	Parallelisms (v.2ab; v.11ab)	This feature binds the whole psalm together in an inclusion.

• v.10b. "The prefixed verbal form 'has accepted' may be interpreted as a preterite here; it is parallel to a perfect and refers to the fact that the LORD has responded favorably to the psalmist’s request. On the other hand, a translation like NIV’s 'accepts' also conveys the correct idea (see Craigie, Psalms, 95)." The LXX translates the verb as past perfective (aorist): προσεδέξατο. Yet there is nothing in the context that demands interpreting the verb as a preterite. יִקַּח may function as a simple future, per the more typical use of yiqtol. At the same time, the qatal form שָׁמַע might indicate present rather than past tense, since it is a stative verb (like יָדַע, the qatal form of which is usually present tense). "Stative verbs express perfective aspect that should be translated with the present." The verse might then be translated, "Yahweh hears my plea; Yahweh will receive my prayer."
• v.11. "The four prefixed verbal forms in this verse (11ab) are best understood as jussives and form a powerful doubled close to the psalm. The psalmist concludes his 'prayer' with an imprecation, calling divine punishment down on his enemies." That the LXX interprets these four verbs as jussives is apparent from its choice of the optative mood (αἰσχυνθείησαν καὶ ταραχθείησαν... ἀποστραφείησαν καὶ καταισχυνθείησαν).

This feature is considered relevant for this psalm.,

Person, gender and number

This feature is considered relevant for this psalm.,

Verb stem types (binyanim)

Verb Morphology

Verse	Verb	Stem	Conjugation	Person	Gender	Number	Paragogic Suffix	Pronominal Suffix	Root
2a	תוֹכִיחֵ֑נִי	H	jus	2	m	s			יכח
2b	תְיַסְּרֵֽנִי	D	jus	2	m	s			יסר
3a	חָנֵּ֥נִי	Q	impv		m	s			חנן
3b	רְפָאֵ֥נִי	Q	impv		m	s			רפא
	נִבְהֲל֣וּ	N	qatal	3	c	p			בהל
4a	נִבְהֲלָ֣ה	N	qatal	3	f	s			בהל
5a	שׁוּבָ֣ה	Q	impv		m	s	ה		שׁוב
	חַלְּצָ֣ה	D	impv		m	s	ה		חלץ
5b	ה֝וֹשִׁיעֵ֗נִי	H	impv		m	s		1cs	ישׁע
6b	יֽוֹדֶה	H	yiqtol	3	m	s			ידה
7a	יָגַ֤עְתִּי	Q	qatal	1	c	s			יגע
7b	אַשְׂחֶ֣ה	H	yiqtol	1	c	s			שׂחה
7c	אַמְסֶה	H	yiqtol	1	c	s			מסה
8a	עָֽשְׁשָׁ֣ה	Q	qatal	3	f	s			עשׁשׁ
8b	עָֽ֝תְקָ֗ה	Q	qatal	3	f	s			עתק
9a	ס֣וּרוּ	Q	impv		m	p			סור
9b	שָׁמַ֥ע	Q	qatal	3	m	s			שׁמע
10a	שָׁמַ֣ע	Q	qatal	3	m	s			שׁמע
10b	יִקָּֽח׃	Q	yiqtol	3	m	s			לקח
11a	ַֽיֵבֹ֤שׁוּ	Q	jus	3	m	p			בושׁ
	וְיִבָּהֲל֣וּ	N	weyiqtol	3	m	p			בהל
11b	יָ֝שֻׁ֗בוּ	Q	jus	3	m	p			שׁוב
	יֵבֹ֥שׁוּ	Q	jus	3	m	p			בושׁ

This feature is considered relevant for this psalm.