Psalm 51/Notes/Phrasal.v. 7.927881
From Psalms: Layer by Layer
In the prepositional phrases בְּעָו֥וֹן and בְחֵ֗טְא, the psalmist is describing (perhaps hyperbolically) the sinful/guilty condition in which he was born. The alternative interpretation that he was born by means of his mother's sins/guilt does not fit the context.