Nouns

Number

Definition Feature being studied	Occurrences Sections where this feature is present or absent	Clustering	Intersection	Connections	Structure
plural	אֲמָרַ֖י (v.2a), וֵאלֹהָ֑י (v.3a), עֵינֶ֑יךָ (v.6a), דָּמִ֥ים (v.7b), שׁוֹרְרָ֑י (v.9a), לְפָנַ֣י (v.9b), הַ֫וּ֥וֹת (v.10b), אֱֽלֹהִ֗ים (v.11a), מִֽמֹּעֲצ֪וֹתֵ֫יהֶ֥ם (v.11b), פִּ֭שְׁעֵיהֶם (v.11c)

v.10b

הַוּוֹת – It is not uncommon for abstract nouns to be expressed in plural form.^[1] The use of the plural here has an architectonic function: "The variation 'singular in A-colon plus plural in B-colon' governs the five verses of 10-11 and 12cd."^[2],

Gender

Definition Feature being studied	Occurrences Sections where this feature is present or absent	Clustering	Intersection	Connections	Structure
feminine	עֵינֶ֑יךָ (v.6a), וּמִרְמָ֗ה (v.7b), בְּיִרְאָתֶֽךָ (v.8b), בְצִדְקָתֶ֗ךָ (v.9a), נְכוֹנָה֘ (v.10a), הַ֫וּ֥וֹת (v.10b), מִֽמֹּעֲצ֪וֹתֵ֫יהֶ֥ם (v.11b), כַּ֜צִּנָּ֗ה (v.13b)		end of section 2 (v.8b); beginning of section 3 (v.9a); end of psalm (v.13b)

Most of the feminine nouns in this psalm are abstract nouns (מרמה, צדקה, יראה, נכונה, מעצה, הוה).^[3],

Definiteness

Definition Feature being studied	Occurrences Sections where this feature is present or absent	Clustering	Intersection	Connections	Structure
definiteness due to pronominal suffix		vv.8-9; every noun in these middle lines is definite, forming the largest cluster of definite nouns in the psalm.	cluster in middle of psalm (vv.8-9), at major break (8b/9a)
definite article	כַּ֜צִּנָּ֗ה		end of psalm (cf. Ps. 3:9)

v.13b

The article in כַּ֜צִּנָּ֗ה (v.13b) is used for generic reference. This use of the article is common in similes.^[4],

Pronominal suffixes

Definition Feature being studied	Occurrences Sections where this feature is present or absent	Clustering	Intersection	Structure
3mp	בפיהם (v.10a? [see below]), קִרְבָּ֪ם (v.10b), גְּרוֹנָ֑ם (v.10c), לְ֜שׁוֹנָ֗ם (v.10d), מִֽמֹּעֲצ֪וֹתֵ֫יהֶ֥ם (v.11b), פִּ֭שְׁעֵיהֶם (v.11c)	vv.10-11		gives cohesion to vv.10-11
2ms	עֵינֶ֑יךָ (v.6a), חַ֭סְדְּךָ (v.8a), בֵיתֶ֑ךָ (v.8a), קָ֜דְשְׁךָ֗ (v.8b), בְּיִרְאָתֶֽךָ (v.8b), בְצִדְקָתֶ֗ךָ (v.9a), דַּרְכֶּֽךָ (v.9b), שְׁמֶֽךָ (v.12d)	vv.8-9	middle of psalm	gives cohesion to vv.8-9; may mark the peak of the psalm, which focuses on Yahweh's ("your", 2ms) loyal love, reverence, house, holiness, righteousness, and pathway.
1cs	אֲמָרַ֖י (v.2a), הֲגִֽיגִי (v.2b), שַׁוּעִי (v.3a), מַלְכִּ֥י (v.3a), וֵאלֹהָ֑י (v.3a), קוֹלִ֑י (v.4a), שׁוֹרְרָ֑י (v.9a), לְפָנַ֣י (v.9b),	section 1 (invocation, vv.2-3)	beginning of psalm (vv.2-3); middle of psalm (v.9ab)	gives cohesion to section 1 (v.2-3)

v.10a

The only noun in the MT with a 3ms suffix is בְּפִ֡יהוּ (v.10a). The ancient versions (G, S, T, V), along with some Masoretic manuscripts, attest to a 3mp suffix (בפיהם or בפימו).

**Noun Morphology**
Verse	Noun	Gender	Number	State	Suffix	Definiteness	Root	Syntactic Function
2a	אֲמָרַ֖י	m	p	abs.	1cs	+	אמר	O
	יְהוָ֗ה		s	abs.		+		voc.
2b	הֲגִֽיגִי	m	s	abs.	1cs	+	הגג	O
3a	לְק֬וֹל	m	s	cstr.		+	קול	O
	מַלְכִּ֥י	m	s	abs.	1cs	+	מלך	voc.
	וֵאלֹהָ֑י	m	p	abs.	1cs	+	אלה	voc.
4a	יְהוָה		s	abs.		+		voc.
	בֹּ֭קֶר	m	s	abs.			בקר	M
	קוֹלִ֑י	m	s	abs.	1cs	+	קול	O
4b	בֹּ֥קֶר	m	s	abs.			בקר	M
5a	אֵֽל	m	s	abs.			אלה	SC
	רֶ֥שַׁע	m	s	abs.			רשע	O (embedded)
5b	רָֽע	m	s	abs.			רעע	S
6a	עֵינֶ֑יךָ	f	p	abs.	2ms	+	עין	M
6b	כָּל	m	s	cstr.			כלל	O
	אָֽוֶן	m	s	abs.			און	O
7a	כָ֫זָ֥ב	m	s	abs.			כזב	O
7b	אִישׁ	m	s	cstr.			אישׁ	O
	דָּמִ֥ים	m	p	abs.			דמם	O
	וּמִרְמָ֗ה	f	s	abs.			רמה	O
	יְהוָה		s	abs		+		S
8a	בְּרֹ֣ב	m	s	cstr.		+	רבב	M
	חַ֭סְדְּךָ	m	s	abs.	2ms	+	חסד	M
	בֵיתֶ֑ךָ	m	s	abs.	2ms	+	בית	M
8b	הֵֽיכַל	m	s	cstr.		+	היכל	M
	קָ֜דְשְׁךָ֗	m	s	abs.	2ms	+	קדשׁ	M
	בְּיִרְאָתֶֽךָ	f	s	abs.	2ms	+	ירא	M
9a	יהוה		s	abs.		+		voc.
	בְצִדְקָתֶ֗ךָ	f	s	abs.	2ms	+	צדק	M
	שׁוֹרְרָ֑י	m	p	abs.	1cs.	+	שׁור	M
9b	לְפָנַ֣י	m	p	abs.	1cs	+	פנה	M
	דַּרְכֶּֽךָ	m	s	abs.	2ms	+	דרך	O
10a	בְּפִ֡יהוּ	m	s	abs.	3ms	+	פה	SC
	נְכוֹנָה֘	f	s	abs.			כון	S
10b	קִרְבָּ֪ם	m	s	abs.	3mp	+	קרב	S
	הַ֫וּ֥וֹת	f	p	abs.			חוה	SC
10c	קֶֽבֶר	m	s	abs.			קבר	SC
	גְּרוֹנָ֑ם	m	s	abs.	3mp	+	גרה	S
10d	לְ֜שׁוֹנָ֗ם	m	s	abs.	3mp	+	לשׁן	S
11a	אֱֽלֹהִ֗ים	m	p	abs.		+	אלה	voc.
11b	מִֽמֹּעֲצ֪וֹתֵ֫יהֶ֥ם	f	p	abs.	3mp	+	יעץ	M
11c	בְּרֹ֣ב	m	s	cstr.		+	רבב	M
	פִּ֭שְׁעֵיהֶם	m	p	cstr.	3mp	+	פשׁע	M
12a	כָל	m	s	cstr.			כלל	S
12b	לְעוֹלָ֣ם	m	s	abs.			עלם	M
12d	שְׁמֶֽךָ	m	s	abs.	2ms	+	שׁם	O (embedded)
13a	צַ֫דִּ֥יק	m	s	abs.			צדק	O
13b	יְהוָ֑ה		s	abs		+		voc.
	כַּ֜צִּנָּ֗ה	f	s	abs.		+	צנן	M
	רָצ֥וֹן	m	s	abs.			רצה	M

This feature is considered relevant for this psalm.,

Suffixes as objects

Definition Feature being studied	Occurrences Sections where this feature is present or absent	Clustering	Intersection
3ms	תַּעְטְרֶֽנּוּ (v.13b)		end of psalm (v.13b)
3mp	ַֽהַֽאֲשִׁימֵ֙ם (v.11a), הַדִּיחֵ֑מוֹ (v.11c)	v.11
1cs	נְחֵ֬נִי (v.9a)		middle line of psalm, beginning of section 3 (vv.9-12)

,

Addressee change

Yahweh is addressed throughout the entire psalm.
This feature is considered relevant for this psalm.,

Speaker change

David is the speaker throughout the entire psalm.
This feature is considered relevant for this psalm.,

Subject change

There are basically four subjects in the psalm: 1) Yahweh, 2) David, 3) the wicked, 4) the righteous

**Character Features**
Ref.	Speaker	Addressee	Person	Subject/Agent	Object/Undergoer
2a	David	Yahweh	2	Yahweh	David's words
2b	David	Yahweh	2	Yahweh	David's mutterings
3a	David	Yahweh	2	Yahweh	David's voice
3b	David	Yahweh	1	David	Yahweh
4a	David	Yahweh	2	Yahweh	David's voice
4b	David	Yahweh	1	David	Yahweh / David
5a	David	Yahweh	2	Yahweh	n/a
5b	David	Yahweh	3	wickedness	Yahweh
6a	David	Yahweh	3	the wicked	Yahweh
6b	David	Yahweh	2	Yahweh	the wicked
7a	David	Yahweh	2	Yahweh	the wicked
7b	David	Yahweh	3	Yahweh	the wicked
8a	David	Yahweh	1	David	David
8b	David	Yahweh	1	David	David
9a	David	Yahweh	2	Yahweh	David
9b	David	Yahweh	2	Yahweh	Yahweh's paths
10a	David	Yahweh	3	steadiness	n/a
10b	David	Yahweh	3	the wicked's insides	n/a
10c	David	Yahweh	3	the wicked's throat	n/a
10d	David	Yahweh	3	the wicked's tongue	the wicked's tongue
11a	David	Yahweh	2	Yahweh	the wicked
11b	David	Yahweh	3	the wicked	the wicked
11c	David	Yahweh	2	Yahweh	the wicked
11d	David	Yahweh	3	the wicked	Yahweh
12a	David	Yahweh	3	the righteous	the righteous
12b	David	Yahweh	3	the righteous	the righteous
12c	David	Yahweh	2	Yahweh	the righteous
12d	David	Yahweh	3	the righteous	the righteous
13a	David	Yahweh	2	Yahweh	the righteous
13b	David	Yahweh	2	Yahweh	the righteous

This feature is considered relevant for this psalm.

↑ IBHS, 7.4.2.
↑ J.P. Fokkelman, Major Poems of the Hebrew Bible: At the Interface of Prosody and Structural Analysis, Vol. 2 (Assen: Van Gorcum, 2000), 63.
↑ BHRG, 24.2.2
↑ BHRG, 24.4.4.

[1] IBHS, 7.4.2.

[2] J.P. Fokkelman, Major Poems of the Hebrew Bible: At the Interface of Prosody and Structural Analysis, Vol. 2 (Assen: Van Gorcum, 2000), 63.

[3] BHRG, 24.2.2

[4] BHRG, 24.4.4.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

Psalm 5/Nouns

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