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Psalm 5/Assumptions | The consistent structure of biblical psalm superscriptions is (1) +/- address (2) +/- musical notation (3) +/- genre/author (4) +/- liturgical notation (5) +/- historical superscription<refPS>Daniel Bourguet, “La structure des titres des psaumes,” Revue d’Histoire et de Philosophie Religieuses, 61, 1981, 109-124).</refPS> |
Psalm 5/Assumptions | In the psalms, as elsewhere in the ANE, "the king is privileged in prayer," and he is "prominent in leading prayers."<refPS>Eaton 1975:174, 195.</refPS> |
Psalm 5/Assumptions | David is a musician (1 Sam. 16:17ff.; 2 Sam. 1:17ff.; 22:1f; 23:1f.; Amos 6:5). |
Psalm 5/Assumptions | David is a king |
Psalm 5/Assumptions | "Music is an accomplishment that kings - Shulgi, king of Ur, or David, king of Israel - needed to master in order to become model rulers. Therefore, music was part of the education of rulers and the elite.<refPS>Anne Caubet, "Music and Dance in the World of the Bible" in Behind the Scenes of the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2018), 468-9.</refPS> |
Psalm 5/Assumptions | It is normal for songs to have superscriptions.<refPS>James B. Pritchard, ed., Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, Third Edition with Supplement (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1969): 365-81.).</refPS> E.g., "the superscripts to Egyptian hymns mention genre classification and/or authorship."<refPS>Waltke 1991:587</refPS> |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | Davids enemies have acted wickedly. |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | YHWH forgives David's sin. "The fact that God heard has heard the supplication means that the suppliant has been forgiven."'"`UNIQ--ref-00001A30-QINU`"' |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | “The Semites from Canaan did not usually sleep on raised beds, but rather on skins spread on the floor. When the bed was a piece of raised furniture, it took a form similar to beds used in most cultures today.”'"`UNIQ--ref-00001A20-QINU`"' The wealthy (e.g., kings) slept on raised beds. |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | The consistent structure of biblical psalm superscriptions is (1) +/- address (2) +/- musical notation (3) +/- genre/author (4) +/- liturgical notation (5) +/- historical superscription'"`UNIQ--ref-000019E6-QINU`"' |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | "Music is an accomplishment that kings - Shulgi, king of Ur, or David, king of Israel - needed to master in order to become model rulers. Therefore, music was part of the education of rulers and the elite.'"`UNIQ--ref-000019EC-QINU`"' |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | David has sinned against YHWH. |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | The sickness of a king would give opportunity to his enemies, whether domestic or foreign (cf. Pss. 38:13, 17; 41:6-11). In Psalm 41, for example, the king's "lament centres not on his ailment but on the opportunity it gives to his enemies, those perpetual accompaniments of a king's life. Respectful visitors to the sickbed secretly plot his overthrow."'"`UNIQ--ref-00001A25-QINU`"' |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | If David dies, he will be unable to mention YHWH's name. |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | YHWH is the covenant God of Israel and of David, Israel's king. |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | This psalm is not tied to a particular event in the life of David. |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | The king is God's son. "The Canaanite and ANE culture shows that the notion of the king as a son of god was well established."'"`UNIQ--ref-000019F7-QINU`"' (Cf. Ps. 2:7; 2 Sam. 7:14). |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | Discipline in anger could lead to death and destruction. |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | In the psalms, as elsewhere in the ANE, "the king is privileged in prayer," and he is "prominent in leading prayers."'"`UNIQ--ref-000019EE-QINU`"' |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | Dead people go to a place called "Sheol," a proper name for "the underworld" (BDB, HALOT). Sheol is a place of great depth (e.g., Deut. 32:22), guarded by gates (e.g., Isa. 38:10), associated with darkness (e.g., Job 17:13), dust (e.g., Job 17:16), and silence (e.g., Ps. 31:18). '"`UNIQ--ref-00001A17-QINU`"' R.L. Harris has argued that Sheol is a poetic synonym for קֶבֶר, referring merely to the grave. "Its usage does not give us a picture of the state of the dead in gloom, darkness, chaos, or silence, unremembered, unable to praise God, knowing nothing... Rather, this view gives us a picture of a typical Palestinian tomb, dark, dusty, with mingled bones and where 'this poor lisping stammering tongue lies silent in the grave.'"'"`UNIQ--ref-00001A18-QINU`"' |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | David's suffering has gone on for some time (confirmed, v. 7b). |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | Good fathers discipline their sons (Prov. 13:24; 23:13-14; cf. 2 Sam. 7:14). |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | YHWH is able to end the suffering at any time. |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | The purpose for discipline is correction and/or retribution (SDBH). |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | If David lives, he will praise YHWH. |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | YHWH is merciful (Ex. 34:6-7). |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | The enemies of the king are the enemies of his God and vice-versa. "The Israelite king's view of his enemies can be compared with that of other sacred kings. The Assyrian king, for example, considered his enemies as enemies of his gods, guilty of impious rebellion."'"`UNIQ--ref-00001A29-QINU`"' |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | Even when David sins, YHWH's HESED will not leave חסד (1 Sam. 7:14-15). |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | David is a king |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | David prayed to YHWH. |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | David is on the brink of death. |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | Beds were sometimes associated with sickness (2 Kgs. 1:4; Ps. 41:4). |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | YHWH's rescuing David would be a fulfillment of covenant obligations. |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | It is possible to discipline without anger. |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | David had experienced public shame during his suffering. |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | David has enemies |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | YHWH is slow to anger (Ex. 34:6-7). |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | YHWH is in covenant with David (2 Sam. 7; Ps. 89:4). |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | The enemies are publicly humiliated for having opposed God's chosen one. |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | As a song of David, this has the imprimatur of the king. |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | David petitioned YHWH's favor (cf. v. 3a) |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | David's not being rescued would mean a failure for YHWH to uphold his end of the covenant relationship. |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | It was commonly (though not always correctly) assumed that sickness is the result of sin (cf. Pss. 41:4; 107:17-20; Job 4:7-11, 8:1-22, 11:13-20; cf. John 9:2). |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | חסד (loyalty) is a characteristic of covenant relationships. |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | David is a prophet (2 Sam. 23:1f; cf. Acts 2:30) |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | In the Psalms, sickness is closely linked with sin" (Pss. 41:4; 107:17-20)."'"`UNIQ--ref-00001A09-QINU`"' |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | YHWH desires David's praise |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | YHWH is able to heal (Ex. 15:26). |
Psalm 6/Assumptions | The doings of wicked people come back on their own heads (e.g., Ps. 7:17). |
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