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''For legend, click "Expand" to the right''
{| class="wikitable" style="border: 2 px solid darkgray; background: none;"
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{| class="wikitable"  
|- style="background-color:#e5bdb5;"
! '''Grammatical Term'''
! '''Definition'''
! '''Diagram'''
! '''Example'''
|-
|-
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center; background-color:#81a9cc;" | '''Clausal Additions'''
! style="text-align: center;" | Visualization !! style="text-align: center;" | Description
|-
|-
| style="background-color:#f3eee6;" | Subject
| [[File: Legends - Clause.png|class=img-fluid|300px|right]] || The '''clause''' is represented by a horizontal line with a vertical line crossing through it, separating the '''subject''' and the '''verb'''.
| The subject performs the action of the active verb or receives the action of a passive verb.<br />With intransitive verbs<br /><br />
| Indicated at the beginning of the main clausal line, and followed<br />by a vertical line that crosses over the main clause line<br />(separating the subject from the predicate).<br />
| [[File: Subject ex2..jpg|825px|class=img-fluid]]
|-
|-
| style="background-color:#f3eee6;" | Direct Object
| [[File: Legends - Object.png|class=img-fluid|right]] || The '''object''' is indicated by a vertical line that does not cross the horizontal line of the clause. Infinitives and participles may also have objects. If the '''direct object marker (d.o.m.)''' is present in the text, it appears in the diagram immediately before the object. If the grammar includes a '''secondary object''', the secondary object will appear after the object, separated by another vertical line that does not cross the horizontal line of the clause.
| Object that receives the direct action of a (transitive) verb
| Indicate with a vertical line up from main clausal line
| [[File: Direct obj. ex..jpg|825px|class=img-fluid]]
|-
|-
| style="background-color:#f3eee6;" | Predicate adjective/<br />Subject complement
| [[File: Legends - Subject complement-1.png|class=img-fluid|500px|right]] || The '''subject complement''' follows the verb (often omitted in Hebrew) separated with a line leaning toward the right. It can be a noun, a whole prepositional phrase or an adjective. The later two appear modifying the complement slot.
| A word used with a linking verb (ex. "to be"), renaming or restating the subject.<br />Can be a whole prepositional phrase.<br />
| Indicate with a vertical slanted line up from the main<br />clausal line. It can be on a stand if it is an embedded <br />clause.<br />
| [[File: Subj. Compl. ex..jpg|825px|class=img-fluid]]
|-
|-
| style="background-color:#f3eee6;" | Object Complement
| [[File: Legends - Object complement.png|class=img-fluid|500px|right]] || When a noun further describes or renames the object, it is an '''object complement'''. The object complement follows the object separated by a line leaning toward the right.
| Word following a direct object to state what it has become.
| Indicate with a vertical slanted line up from the main <br />clausal line.<br />
| [[File: Obj. Compl. ex..jpg|825px|class=img-fluid]]
|-
|-
| style="background-color:#f3eee6;" | Infinitives
| [[File: Legends - Construct Chain.png|class=img-fluid|250px|right]] || In a '''construct chain''', the noun in the '''absolute''' form modifies the noun in the '''construct''' form.
| Can be subject, adverbial, or an infinitive construct.
| Indicate with double vertical lines that cross the main <br />clausal line. If used adverbially (ie. an embedded clause),<br />place on a stand.<br />
| [[File: Infinitive ex..jpg|825px|class=img-fluid]]
|-
|-
| style="background-color:#f3eee6;" | Participles
| [[File: Legends - Participle.png|class=img-fluid|150px|right]] || '''Participles''' are indicated in whatever position in the clause they are in with a curved line before the participle. Participles can occur as nominal, where they take the place of a noun, predicate, where they take the place of a verb, or attributive, where they modify a noun or a verb similar to adjectives or adverbs.
| A verbal noun/adjective that can be used in three positions: (1) substantival;<br />(2) attributive; (3) predicative.<br />
| Indicate with a round vertical line. Substantival<br />participles are placed on a stand (they are embedded).<br />Attributive participles are placed with a rounded line<br />underneath what is modified.<br />
| [[File: Participle ex..jpg|825px|class=img-fluid]]
|-
|-
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center; background-color:#81a9cc;" | '''Modifiers'''
| [[File: Legends - Infinitive.png|class=img-fluid|200px|right]] || '''Infinitives''' are indicated by two parallel lines before the infinitive that cross the horizontal line. Infinitive constructs can appear as the verb in an embedded clause. Infinitive absolutes typically appear as an adverbial.
|-
|-
| style="background-color:#f3eee6;" | Adjectives
| [[File: Legends - Subject of Infinitive 1.png|class=img-fluid|500px|right]] || The '''subject of the infinitive''' often appears in construct to it. In this situation, the infinitive and  subject are diagrammed as a construct chain. <!--with the  grammatical meaning shown by a dashed line connecting the subject to the subject position of the infinitival clause.-->
| A word modifying a noun to indicate quality, quantity, extent, or differentiating<br />something from something else.<br />
| Indicate with a slanted line down from what is modified.<br />
| [[File: Adjective ex..jpg|825px|class=img-fluid]]
|-
|-
| style="background-color:#f3eee6;" | Adverbs
| [[File: Legends - Object of Infinitive.png|class=img-fluid|500px|right]] || The '''object of the infinitive''' is indicated by a vertical line that does not cross the horizontal line of the infinitival clause.
| A word that modifies a verb, adverb, adjective, prepositional phrase, clause, or <br />sentence to express a relation (ex. manner, quality, or time).<br />
| Indicate with a slanted line down from what is modified.
| [[File: Adverb ex..jpg|825px|class=img-fluid]]
|-
|-
| style="background-color:#f3eee6;" | Construct relationships
| [[File: Legends - Modifiers 1.png|class=img-fluid|500px|right]] || '''Modifiers''' are represented by a solid diagonal line from the word they modify. They can attach to verbs, adjectives, or nouns. If modifying a verb or adjective, it is an '''adverb''', but if modifying a noun, it is an '''adjective''', a '''quantifier''', or a '''definite article'''. If an adverb is modifying a modifier, it is connected to the modifier by a small dashed horizontal line.
| Construction can express many different relationships between two (or <br />more) nouns. English grammarians call this construction a ‘Construct’ <br />(our term) or ‘Genitive’ phrase; Hebrew grammarians call it <br />smīḵūt (סְמִיכוּת).
| Indicate with a stair-step down from the modified<br />word/clause/phrase.<br />
| [[File: Construct ex..jpg|825px|class=img-fluid]]
|-
|-
| style="background-color:#f3eee6;" | Prepositional phrases
| [[File: Legends - Adverbial.png|class=img-fluid|250px|right]] || '''Adverbials''' are indicated by a dashed diagonal line extending to a horizontal line. These are nouns or infinitives that function adverbially (modifying either a verb or a participle), but are not connected by a preposition.
| A phrase that consists of a preposition and its object and has adjectival or adverbial value
| Indicate with a slanted vertical line connecting to a new <br />clause.
| [[File: Prepositional Phrase ex..jpg|825px|class=img-fluid]]
|-
|-
| style="background-color:#f3eee6;" | Connectives
| [[File: Legends - Prepositional Phrase.png|class=img-fluid|500px|right]] || '''Prepositional phrases''' are indicated by a solid diagonal line extending to a horizontal line. The '''preposition''' is to the left of the diagonal line and the '''dependent of the preposition''' is on the horizontal line. They can modify verbs (adverbial) or nouns (adjectival).
| (1) Coordinating conjunctions join together words or word groups of equal<br />grammatical rank<br /><br />(2) Subordinating conjunctions join a main clause and a clause which does not form<br />a complete sentence by itself.
| Indicate with a dashed line down from a vertical line <br />marker.<br />
| [[File: Connectives ex..jpg|825px|class=img-fluid]]
|-
|-
| style="background-color:#f3eee6;" | Embedded clause
| [[File: Legends - Embedded Clause 1.png|class=img-fluid|500px|right]] || '''Embedded clauses''' are indicated by a "stand" that looks like an upside-down Y. The stand rests in the grammatical position that the clause fulfills. Extending from the top of the stand is a horizontal line for the clause. If introduced by a '''complementizer''', for example כִּי, the complementizer appears before the stand. Embedded clauses can stand in the place of any noun.
| A clause inside another clause which can include substantival participles, adverbial<br />infinitives, and prepositional phrases.<br />
| Indicate using stilts.
| [[File: Embedded Clause ex.final.jpg|825px|class=img-fluid]]
|-
|-
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center; background-color:#81a9cc;" | '''Particles'''
| [[File: Legends - Compound clauses.png|class=img-fluid|200px|right]] || When clauses are joined by a conjunction, they are '''compound clauses'''. These clauses are connected by a vertical dotted line. The conjunction is placed next to the dotted line.
|-
|-
| style="background-color:#f3eee6;" | Subordinating particle
| [[File: Legends - Compound elements 2.png|class=img-fluid|300px|right]] || Within a clause, if two or more parts of speech are '''compound''', these are represented by angled lines reaching to the two compound elements connected by a solid vertical line. If a conjunction is used, the conjunction appears to the left of the vertical line. Almost all parts of speech can be compound.  
| Indicates a dependent clause.<br />
| Indicate with a dashed line down from the antecedent to the<br />pronoun.<br />
| [[File: Particle ex..jpg|825px|class=img-fluid]]
|-
|-
| style="background-color:#f3eee6;" | Apposition
| [[File: Legends - Subordinate clause.png|class=img-fluid|500px|right]] || '''Subordinate clauses''' are indicated by a dashed line coming from the line dividing the subject from the predicate in the independent clause and leading to the horizontal line of the subordinate clause. The subordinating '''conjunction''' appears next to the dashed line.
| A word that is functioning as an explanatory equivalent as another in the sentence
| Place on a line apart from the diagram but next to the word<br />it is the equivalent of with an equal sign in between.
| [[File: Apposition ex..jpg|825px|class=img-fluid]]
|-
|-
| style="background-color:#f3eee6;" | Vocative
| [[File: Legends - Relative Clause 1.png|class=img-fluid|500px|right]] || '''Relative clauses''' also have a dashed line, but the line connects the antecedent to the horizontal line of the relative clause. The '''relative particle''' appears next to the dashed line.
| Indicating a person being addressed (usually with a 2nd person verb)
|-
| style="background-color:#ffffff;" | Place on a line apart from the diagram next to the '()' indicating <br />the gapped subject an equal sign in between.
| [[File: Legends - Sentence fragment.png|class=img-fluid|200px|right]] || '''Sentence fragments''' are represented by a horizontal line with no vertical lines. They are most frequently used in superscriptions to psalms. They are visually similar to discourse particles and vocatives, but most often consist of a noun phrase (that does not refer to a person or people group)  or a prepositional phrase.
| [[File: Vocative ex..jpg|825px|class=img-fluid]]
|-
| [[File: Legends - Discourse particle&Vocative.png|class=img-fluid|300px|right]] || In the body of the psalm, a horizontal line by itself (with no modifiers or vertical lines) can indicate either a '''discourse particle''' or a '''vocative''' (if the word is a noun referring to a person or people group). A discourse particle is a conjunction or particle that functions at the discourse level, not at the grammatical level. Vocatives can appear either before or after the clause addressed to them, depending on the word order of the Hebrew.
|-
| [[File: Legends - Apposition.png|class=img-fluid|800px|right]] || '''Apposition''' is indicated by an equal sign equating the two noun phrases. This can occur with a noun in any function in a sentence.
|}
{|class="wikitable" style="border: 2 px solid darkgray; background: none;"
|-
! style="text-align: center;" colspan=2 | Hebrew text colors
|-
|<u>'''Default preferred text'''</u> || The '''default preferred reading''' is represented by a black line. The text of the MT is represented in bold black text.
|-
|<span style="color:#f085b6"><u>'''Dispreferred reading'''</u></span> || The '''dispreferred reading''' is an alternative interpretation of the grammar, represented by a pink line. The text of the MT is represented in bold pink text, while emendations and revocalizations retain their corresponding colors (see below).
|-
|<span style="color:#2D9BF0">'''Emended text'''</span>  || '''Emended text''', text in which the consonants differ from the consonants of the Masoretic text, is represented by bold blue text, whether that reading is preferred or dispreferred.
|-
|<span style="color:#652CB3">'''Revocalized text'''</span> || '''Revocalized text''', text in which only the vowels differ from the vowels of the Masoretic text, is represented by bold purple text, whether that reading is preferred or dispreferred.
|-
|<span style="color:#808080">'''(Supplied elided element)'''</span> || Any element that is '''elided''' in the Hebrew text is represented by bold gray text in parentheses.
|-
| '''( )''' || The position of a '''non-supplied elided element''' is represented by empty black parentheses. <br>For example, this would be used in the place of the noun when an adjective functions substantivally or in the place of the antecedent when a relative clause has an implied antecedent.
|}
{|class="wikitable" style="border: 2 px solid darkgray; background: none;"
|-
! style="text-align: center;" colspan=2 | Gloss text colors
|-
|<span style="color:#2D9BF0">'''Gloss used in the CBC'''</span>  || The '''gloss used in the Close-but-Clear''' translation is represented by bold blue text.  
|-
|<span style="color:#2D9BF0">Literal gloss >> derived meaning</span> || A gloss that shows the more '''literal''' meaning as well as the '''derived''' figurative meaning is represented in blue text with arrows pointing towards the more figurative meaning. The gloss used in the CBC will be bolded.  
|-
|<span style="color:#808080">'''Supplied elided element'''</span> || The gloss for a '''supplied elided element''' is represented in bold gray text.
|}
|}
Master Diagram
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[[File: Cheat Sheet Diagram.jpg|825px|class=img-fluid]]
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Latest revision as of 02:46, 6 June 2025


This includes the exact HTML to be included in the grammatical legend portion of each Grammar page.

Grammatical Diagram

Visualization Description
Legends - Clause.png
The clause is represented by a horizontal line with a vertical line crossing through it, separating the subject and the verb.
Legends - Object.png
The object is indicated by a vertical line that does not cross the horizontal line of the clause. Infinitives and participles may also have objects. If the direct object marker (d.o.m.) is present in the text, it appears in the diagram immediately before the object. If the grammar includes a secondary object, the secondary object will appear after the object, separated by another vertical line that does not cross the horizontal line of the clause.
Legends - Subject complement-1.png
The subject complement follows the verb (often omitted in Hebrew) separated with a line leaning toward the right. It can be a noun, a whole prepositional phrase or an adjective. The later two appear modifying the complement slot.
Legends - Object complement.png
When a noun further describes or renames the object, it is an object complement. The object complement follows the object separated by a line leaning toward the right.
Legends - Construct Chain.png
In a construct chain, the noun in the absolute form modifies the noun in the construct form.
Legends - Participle.png
Participles are indicated in whatever position in the clause they are in with a curved line before the participle. Participles can occur as nominal, where they take the place of a noun, predicate, where they take the place of a verb, or attributive, where they modify a noun or a verb similar to adjectives or adverbs.
Legends - Infinitive.png
Infinitives are indicated by two parallel lines before the infinitive that cross the horizontal line. Infinitive constructs can appear as the verb in an embedded clause. Infinitive absolutes typically appear as an adverbial.
Legends - Subject of Infinitive 1.png
The subject of the infinitive often appears in construct to it. In this situation, the infinitive and subject are diagrammed as a construct chain.
Legends - Object of Infinitive.png
The object of the infinitive is indicated by a vertical line that does not cross the horizontal line of the infinitival clause.
Legends - Modifiers 1.png
Modifiers are represented by a solid diagonal line from the word they modify. They can attach to verbs, adjectives, or nouns. If modifying a verb or adjective, it is an adverb, but if modifying a noun, it is an adjective, a quantifier, or a definite article. If an adverb is modifying a modifier, it is connected to the modifier by a small dashed horizontal line.
Legends - Adverbial.png
Adverbials are indicated by a dashed diagonal line extending to a horizontal line. These are nouns or infinitives that function adverbially (modifying either a verb or a participle), but are not connected by a preposition.
Legends - Prepositional Phrase.png
Prepositional phrases are indicated by a solid diagonal line extending to a horizontal line. The preposition is to the left of the diagonal line and the dependent of the preposition is on the horizontal line. They can modify verbs (adverbial) or nouns (adjectival).
Legends - Embedded Clause 1.png
Embedded clauses are indicated by a "stand" that looks like an upside-down Y. The stand rests in the grammatical position that the clause fulfills. Extending from the top of the stand is a horizontal line for the clause. If introduced by a complementizer, for example כִּי, the complementizer appears before the stand. Embedded clauses can stand in the place of any noun.
Legends - Compound clauses.png
When clauses are joined by a conjunction, they are compound clauses. These clauses are connected by a vertical dotted line. The conjunction is placed next to the dotted line.
Legends - Compound elements 2.png
Within a clause, if two or more parts of speech are compound, these are represented by angled lines reaching to the two compound elements connected by a solid vertical line. If a conjunction is used, the conjunction appears to the left of the vertical line. Almost all parts of speech can be compound.
Legends - Subordinate clause.png
Subordinate clauses are indicated by a dashed line coming from the line dividing the subject from the predicate in the independent clause and leading to the horizontal line of the subordinate clause. The subordinating conjunction appears next to the dashed line.
Legends - Relative Clause 1.png
Relative clauses also have a dashed line, but the line connects the antecedent to the horizontal line of the relative clause. The relative particle appears next to the dashed line.
Legends - Sentence fragment.png
Sentence fragments are represented by a horizontal line with no vertical lines. They are most frequently used in superscriptions to psalms. They are visually similar to discourse particles and vocatives, but most often consist of a noun phrase (that does not refer to a person or people group) or a prepositional phrase.
Legends - Discourse particle&Vocative.png
In the body of the psalm, a horizontal line by itself (with no modifiers or vertical lines) can indicate either a discourse particle or a vocative (if the word is a noun referring to a person or people group). A discourse particle is a conjunction or particle that functions at the discourse level, not at the grammatical level. Vocatives can appear either before or after the clause addressed to them, depending on the word order of the Hebrew.
Legends - Apposition.png
Apposition is indicated by an equal sign equating the two noun phrases. This can occur with a noun in any function in a sentence.
Hebrew text colors
Default preferred text The default preferred reading is represented by a black line. The text of the MT is represented in bold black text.
Dispreferred reading The dispreferred reading is an alternative interpretation of the grammar, represented by a pink line. The text of the MT is represented in bold pink text, while emendations and revocalizations retain their corresponding colors (see below).
Emended text Emended text, text in which the consonants differ from the consonants of the Masoretic text, is represented by bold blue text, whether that reading is preferred or dispreferred.
Revocalized text Revocalized text, text in which only the vowels differ from the vowels of the Masoretic text, is represented by bold purple text, whether that reading is preferred or dispreferred.
(Supplied elided element) Any element that is elided in the Hebrew text is represented by bold gray text in parentheses.
( ) The position of a non-supplied elided element is represented by empty black parentheses.
For example, this would be used in the place of the noun when an adjective functions substantivally or in the place of the antecedent when a relative clause has an implied antecedent.
Gloss text colors
Gloss used in the CBC The gloss used in the Close-but-Clear translation is represented by bold blue text.
Literal gloss >> derived meaning A gloss that shows the more literal meaning as well as the derived figurative meaning is represented in blue text with arrows pointing towards the more figurative meaning. The gloss used in the CBC will be bolded.
Supplied elided element The gloss for a supplied elided element is represented in bold gray text.